[1]王夏雯,余翔,乔俊卿,等.西瓜茬后种植稻麦对土壤微生物数量和西瓜枯萎病发生的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(06):1291-1295.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.06.015]
　WANG Xia-wen,YU Xiang,QIAO Jun-qing,et al.Effect of rice-wheat rotation after watermelon season on the amount of soil microbes and the incidence of Fusarium wilt[J].,2015,(06):1291-1295.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.06.015]
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西瓜茬后种植稻麦对土壤微生物数量和西瓜枯萎病发生的影响()
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江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2015年06期
页码:
1291-1295
栏目:
植物保护
出版日期:
2015-12-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effect of rice-wheat rotation after watermelon season on the amount of soil microbes and the incidence of Fusarium wilt
作者:
王夏雯1; 余翔1; 乔俊卿2; 吴绍军1; 孟佳丽1; 刘邮洲2; 姜若勇1
（1.江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所，宿迁223831；2.江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所，南京210014）
Author(s):
WANG Xia-wen1; YU Xiang1; QIAO Jun-qing2; WU Shao-jun1; MENG Jia-li1; LIU You-zhou2;  JIANG Ruo-yong1
(1.Suqian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Suqian 223800,China;2.Institute of Plant Protection,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)
关键词:
西瓜; 稻麦轮作; 尖孢镰刀菌; 枯萎病
Keywords:
watermelon; rice-wheat rotation; Fusarium oxysporum; Fusarium wilt
分类号:
S651
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.06.015
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为了探究稻麦轮作对西瓜茬后土壤微生物状况和后茬西瓜枯萎病发生的影响，本研究采用选择性培养基和可培养微生物计数等方法，对西瓜茬后不同稻麦轮作茬次的田块进行了土壤微生物数量分析和西瓜枯萎病发病率调查。结果显示，西瓜茬后种植稻麦对土壤微生物有影响，种植1茬水稻后，细菌和放线菌数量显著增加，真菌数量显著降低，随后又趋于平衡；西瓜茬后种植稻麦对土壤中西瓜枯萎病致病菌——尖孢镰刀菌具有抑制作用，随种植年限的增加抑制效果表现明显；西瓜茬种植稻麦后再种西瓜，枯萎病发生率大幅降低，连续种植3茬水稻2茬小麦后，西瓜枯萎病发病率降低到2.1%，连续种植5茬水稻4茬小麦后，西瓜枯萎病发病率仅为1.0%。研究结果还发现，水稻根系分泌物能够有效抑制尖孢镰刀菌孢子萌发，培养12 h时抑制率达到80.9%。因此西瓜-稻麦轮作是缓解西瓜枯萎病发生的一种有效措施。
Abstract:
The soil microbe counting and the incidence of watermelon Fusarium wilt were investigated to study the effect of rice-wheat rotation after watermelon season. The results showed that, after the first rice season, bacteria and actinomyces increased and leveled off while fungi was inhibited notably and bottomed up.Rice-wheat rotation exerted an inhibitory effect on Fusarium oxysporum in soil and the effect became stronger over years. The incidence of Fusarium wilt decreased noticeabally to 2.1% after 3 rice seasons and 2 wheat seasons. And after 5 rice seasons and 4 wheat seasons,the incidence was only 1.0%. The exudates of rice root inhibited spore germination of F. oxysporum,and the inhibition rate after 12 h was as high as 80.9%. It was indicated that rice-wheat rotation is an effective way to control Fusarium wilt in the following watermelon season.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2015-09-17 基金项目：苏北科技发展计划-科技富民强县项目（BN2013074）; 宿迁市农业科技自主创新项目 作者简介：王夏雯（1982-），女，甘肃平凉人，硕士，助理研究员，主要从事西瓜新品种选育与栽培技术研究，（E-mail）xiawen77@163.com 通讯作者：姜若勇，（E-mail）jssyjry@163.com；刘邮洲，（E-mail）shitouren88888@163.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2015-12-31