[1]刘红江,郭智,孙国峰,等.不同播种方式对小麦产量形成及氮素利用效率的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2019,(05):1075-1081.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2019.05.011]
　LIU Hong-jiang,GUO Zhi,SUN Guo-feng,et al.Effects of different seeding patterns on yield formation and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat[J].,2019,(05):1075-1081.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2019.05.011]
点击复制

不同播种方式对小麦产量形成及氮素利用效率的影响()
分享到：

江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2019年05期
页码:
1075-1081
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2019-10-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of different seeding patterns on yield formation and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat
作者:
刘红江1; 郭智1; 孙国峰1; 顾克军2; 张岳芳1; 郑建初1; 陈留根1
(1. 江苏省农业科学院循环农业研究中心/农业部种养结合重点实验室，江苏南京210014；2. 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所，江苏南京210014)
Author(s):
LIU Hong-jiang1; GUO Zhi1; SUN Guo-feng1; GU Ke-jun2; ZHANG Yue-fang1; ZHENG Jian-chu1; CHEN Liu-gen1
(1.Recycling Agriculture Research Center, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Key Laboratory of Crops and Livestock Intergration, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China; 2.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environments, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China)
关键词:
播种方式; 小麦; 产量; 氮素累积量; 氮素利用效率
Keywords:
seeding pattern;  wheat;  yield;  nitrogen accumulation;  nitrogen use efficiency
分类号:
S512.104.2
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2019.05.011
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
在大田试验条件下，以小麦品种扬麦19为供试材料，设置免耕套播、旋耕撒播、旋耕条播、耕翻+旋耕条播等4种方式，研究不同播种方式对苏北平原小麦产量形成及氮素吸收利用效率的影响。结果表明：采用小麦播种施肥一体机条播小麦，同时机械深施基肥，能显著提高旋耕条播和耕翻+旋耕条播处理的小麦产量，分别平均比旋耕撒播提高7.6%和10.8%。旋耕条播和耕翻+旋耕条播处理均显著提高了小麦的生物产量，明显增加了小麦的经济系数，显著增加了小麦不同生育时期麦田土壤速效氮含量，显著提高了小麦氮肥偏生产力。旋耕条播和耕翻+旋耕条播处理虽然均显著增加了小麦氮素累积量，但小麦的氮素干物质生产效率和籽粒生产效率均显著降低。说明在小麦生产中，使用小麦播种施肥一体机条播小麦，结合基肥机械深施，减少25%的小麦播种量和10%的氮肥施用量，虽然能增加土壤速效氮素含量，并提高小麦产量和氮素吸收量，但还需通过合理栽培技术措施的应用，协调好氮素养分吸收和利用效率之间的矛盾，提高小麦氮素利用效率。
Abstract:
In order to investigate the effects of different seeding patterns on yield formation and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat in a wheat-rice double cropping system of North Jiangsu Plain, a field research was conducted with four treatments such as no tillage plus interplant(NT-IP), rotary tillage plus sow planting (RT-SP, check), rotary tillage plus sowing in drill(RT-SD) and plow tillage plus sowing in drill(PR-SD), the tested wheat variety was Yangmai 19. The results showed that: through sowing and fertilizing integrated machine to sow wheat, and mechanical deep application of base fertilizer at the same time, the RT-SD and PR-SD treatments could significantly increase wheat yield by 7.6% and 10.8%, respectively. RT-SD and PR-SD treatments not only significantly improved the biomass yield and the economic index of wheat, but also significantly increased the available nitrogen content of soil in wheat field at different wheat growth stages. Moreover, nitrogen partial factor productivity of wheat was significantly improved under RT-SD and PR-SD treatments. Both RT-SD and PR-SD treatments significantly increased nitrogen accumulation in wheat, but the nitrogen use efficiency for biomass and nitrogen use efficiency for grain yield of wheat were significantly decreased. It indicated that: although using integrated machine to sow wheat in drill and mechanical deep application of base fertilizer in the practice of production, to reduce 10% of nitrogen application and 25% of wheat seeding, could increase soil available nitrogen content, wheat yield and nitrogen uptake, it was also necessary to use reasonable cultivation techniques, coordinate the contradiction between nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiency, and improve the nitrogen use efficiency of wheat.

参考文献/References:

[1]王化敦，史高玲，张平平,等. 长江中下游小麦品种籽粒品质对氮素的敏感性分析[J]．南方农业学报，2017，48(9):1568-1573.
[2]张福锁，崔振岭，王激清，等．中国土壤和植物养分管理现状与改进策略[J]．植物学通报，2007, 24(6): 687-694.
[3]张明伟，马泉，丁锦峰，等．稻茬晚播小麦高产群体特征分析[J]．麦类作物学报，2018, 38(4): 445-454.
[4]吴金芝，黄明，王志敏，等．极端晚播对小麦籽粒产量、氮素吸收利用和籽粒蛋白质含量的影响[J]．应用生态学报，2018, 29(1): 185-192.
[5]张明伟，马泉，丁锦峰，等．密度与肥料运筹对迟播小麦产量和茎秆抗倒能力的影响[J]．麦类作物学报，2018, 38(5): 584-592.
[6]许仙菊，马洪波，宁运旺，等．缓释氮肥运筹对稻麦轮作周年作物产量和氮肥利用效率的影响[J]．植物营养与肥料学报，2016, 22(2): 307-316.
[7]朱兆良．农田中氮肥的损失与对策[J]．土壤与环境，2000, 9(1): 1-6.
[8]TIAN G M,CAO J L, CAI Z C, et al. Ammonia volatilization from wheat field top-dressed with urea[J]. Pedosphere, 1998, 8(4): 331-336.
[9]侯苗苗，吕凤莲，张弘弢，等．有机氮替代比例对冬小麦/夏玉米轮作体系作物产量及N2O排放的影响[J]．环境科学，2018, 39(1): 321-330.
[10]殷复伟，王文鑫，谷淑波，等．株行距配置对宽幅播种小麦产量形成的影响[J]．麦类作物学报，2018, 38(6): 710-717.
[11]修明，谷世禄，田中伟，等．稻秸还田下播种密度与氮肥运筹对小麦产量及氮素利用效率的影响[J]．麦类作物学报，2016, 36(10): 1377-1385.
[12]张敬昇，李冰，王昌全，等．控释氮肥与尿素掺混比例对作物中后期土壤供氮能力和稻麦产量的影响[J]．植物营养与肥料学报，2017, 23(1): 110-118.
[13]赵士诚，魏美艳，仇少君，等．氮肥管理对秸秆还田下土壤氮素供应和冬小麦生长的影响[J]．中国土壤与肥料，2017(2): 20-25.
[14]郑凤霞，董树亭，刘鹏，等．长期有机无机肥配施对冬小麦籽粒产量及氨挥发损失的影响[J]．植物营养与肥料学报，2017, 23(3): 567-577.
[15]何翠翠，李贵春，尹昌斌．华北冬小麦-夏玉米系统有机态氮替代的产量及肥料效应[J]．中国土壤与肥料，2018(1): 43-48.
[16]BREMNER J M, MULVANEY C S. Nitrogen-total[M]//Page A L. Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. 2nd ed. Madison, WI: Agron Monogr. 9. ASA and SSSA, 1982: 595-624.
[17]赵亚南，宿敏敏，吕阳，等．减量施肥下小麦产量、肥料利用率和土壤养分平衡[J]．植物营养与肥料学报，2017, 23(4): 864-873.
[18]胡雅杰，朱大伟，邢志鹏，等．改进施氮运筹对水稻产量和氮素吸收利用的影响[J]．植物营养与肥料学报，2015, 21(1): 12-22.
[19]侯贤清，李荣，贾志宽，等．西北旱作农田不同耕作模式对土壤性状及小麦产量的影响[J]．植物营养与肥料学报，2017, 23(5): 1146-1157.
[20]顾克军，张斯梅，顾东祥，等．稻秸还田与播后镇压对稻茬小麦产量与品质的影响[J]．核农学报，2015, 29(11): 2192-2197.
[21]史晓芳，仇松英，史忠良，等．播期和播量对冬小麦尧麦16群体性状和产量的影响[J]．麦类作物学报，2017, 37(3): 357-365.
[22]武兰芳，欧阳竹．不同播量与行距对小麦产量与辐射截获利用的影响[J]．中国生态农业学报，2014, 22(1): 31-36.
[23]WARDLE D A, BARDGETT R D, KLIRONOMOS J N, et al. Ecological linkages between aboveground and belowground biota[J]. Science, 2004, 304(11): 1629-1633.
[24]李丰丰，朱红英，段建设，等．肥料无机有机配施对稻茬小麦产量与肥料利用率的影响[J]．麦类作物学报，2018, 38(5): 593-599.
[25]朱锦惠，董艳，肖靖秀，等．小麦和蚕豆间作系统氮肥调控对小麦白粉病发生及氮素累积分配的影响[J]．应用生态学报，2017, 28(12): 3985-3993.
[26]张嫚，周苏玫，杨习文，等．减氮适墒对冬小麦土壤硝态氮分布和氮素吸收利用的影响[J]．中国农业科学，2017, 50(20): 3885-3897.
[27]张建军，樊廷录，赵刚，等．长期定位施不同氮源有机肥替代部分含氮化肥对陇东旱塬冬小麦产量和水分利用效率的影响[J]．作物学报，2017, 43(7): 1077-1086.
[28]吴晓丽，李朝苏，汤永禄，等．氮肥运筹对小麦产量、氮素利用效率和光能利用率的影响[J]．应用生态学报，2017, 28(6): 1889-1898．
[29]董玉兵，吴震，李博，等．追施生物炭对稻麦轮作中麦季氨挥发和氮肥利用率的影响[J]．植物营养与肥料学报，2017, 23(5): 1258-1267.
[30]屈会峰，赵护兵，刘吉飞，等．不同覆盖措施下旱地冬小麦的氮磷钾需求及其生理效率[J]．植物营养与肥料学报，2017, 23(4): 874-882.

相似文献/References:

[1]伍 宏,朱昌华,夏 凯,等.叶面喷施激动素对小麦品种济麦22品质的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(02):299.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.02.010]
　WU Hong,ZHU Chang-hua,XIA Kai,et al.Effect of foliar application of kinetin on quality of Triticum aestivum L. Jimai 22[J].,2016,(05):299.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.02.010]
[2]蒋正宁,别同德,赵仁惠,等.受条锈菌诱导的小麦丝氨酸苏氨酸激酶基因TaS/TK的克隆与表达[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(05):980.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.004]
　JIANG Zheng-ning,BIE Tong-de,ZHAO Ren-hui,et al.Cloning and expression analysis of a Serine/Threonine protein kinase gene TaS/TK in wheat in response to stripe rust fungal infection[J].,2016,(05):980.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.004]
[3]丁彬彬,张旭,吴磊,等.小麦3B 短臂染色体抗赤霉病主效 QTL 区域候选基因的表达[J].江苏农业学报,2017,(01):6.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.01.002 ]
　DING Bin-bin,ZHANG Xu,WU Lei,et al.Expression of candidate genes on the region of a major QTL for the resistance to Fusarium head blight on the short arm of chromosome 3B in wheat[J].,2017,(05):6.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.01.002 ]
[4]周淼平,姚金保,张鹏,等.小麦幼苗纹枯病抗性评价新方法[J].江苏农业学报,2017,(01):61.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.01.010 ]
　ZHOU Miao-ping,YAO Jin-bao,ZHANG Peng,et al.New method for the resistance evaluation of wheat sharp eyespot in seedling[J].,2017,(05):61.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.01.010 ]
[5]吴磊,姜朋,张瑜,等.苏麦3号小麦穗部病毒诱导的基因沉默（VIGS）体系的建立及验证[J].江苏农业学报,2017,(02):248.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.02.002]
　WU Lei,JIANG Peng,ZHANG Yu,et al.Construction and validation of virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS) system in spike of wheat variety Sumai 3[J].,2017,(05):248.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.02.002]
[6]邵继锋,陈荣府,董晓英,等.利用分根技术研究小麦铝磷交互作用[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(01):78.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.01.012 ]
　SHAO Ji-feng,CHEN Rong-fu,DONG Xiao-ying,et al.Aluminum-phosphorus interaction in wheat grown in a split-root device[J].,2016,(05):78.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.01.012 ]
[7]叶景秀.小麦籽粒蛋白质双向电泳体系的优化[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(05):957.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.05.002]
　YE Jing-xiu.Optimization of two-dimensional electrophresis system for grain protein in spring wheat[J].,2015,(05):957.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.05.002]
[8]郑舒文,徐其隆,邹华文.脱落酸对涝渍胁迫下小麦产量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(05):967.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.05.004]
　ZHENG Shu-wen,XU Qi-long,ZOU Hua-wen.Yield of waterlogged wheat in response to ABA application[J].,2015,(05):967.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.05.004]
[9]张玉萍,马占鸿.不同施氮量下小麦遥感估产模型构建[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(06):1325.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.06.020]
　ZHANG Yu-ping,MA Zhan-hong.Yield estimation model of wheat based on remote sensing data under different nitrogen supply conditions[J].,2015,(05):1325.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.06.020]
[10]张卓亚,王晓琳,许晓明,等.腐植酸对小麦扬花期水分利用效率及灌浆进程的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(04):725.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.04.003]
　ZHANG Zhuo-ya,WANG Xiao-ling,XU Xiao-ming,et al.Effect of humic acid on water use efficiency and grouting process of wheat at flowering[J].,2015,(05):725.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.04.003]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2019-02-18 基金项目：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503118-07)；国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFD0300801-01)；江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(18)1002] 作者简介：刘红江(1979-)，男，江苏建湖人，博士，副研究员，主要从事农业生态和稻麦栽培生理生态研究。(E-mail)Liuhongjiang2004@sohu.com 通讯作者：陈留根，(E-mail)chenliugen@sina.com.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2019-11-11