[1]刘晓奇,肖雪梅,王俊文,等.水分亏缺对日光温室基质栽培番茄果实营养和风味品质的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2021,(02):443-453.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2021.02.022]
　LIU Xiao-qi,XIAO Xue-mei,WANG Jun-wen,et al.Effects of water deficit on nutrition and flavor qualities of tomato fruits cultivated by substrate in solar greenhouse[J].,2021,(02):443-453.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2021.02.022]
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水分亏缺对日光温室基质栽培番茄果实营养和风味品质的影响()
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江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2021年02期
页码:
443-453
栏目:
园艺
出版日期:
2021-04-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of water deficit on nutrition and flavor qualities of tomato fruits cultivated by substrate in solar greenhouse
作者:
刘晓奇1; 肖雪梅1; 2; 王俊文1; 唐中祺1; 武玥1; 刘泽慈1; 张丹2; 郁继华1; 2
(1.甘肃农业大学园艺学院，甘肃兰州730070；2.甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室，甘肃兰州730070）
Author(s):
LIU Xiao-qi1; XIAO Xue-mei1; 2; WANG Jun-wen1; TANG Zhong-qi1; WU Yue1; LIU Ze-ci1; ZHANG Dan2; YU Ji-hua1; 2
(1.College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;2.Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou 730070, China)
关键词:
番茄; 日光温室; 基质栽培; 水分亏缺; 营养品质; 风味品质
Keywords:
tomato; solar greenhouse; substrate culture; water deficit; nutritional quality; flavor quality
分类号:
S641.2
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2021.02.022
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为探明提高番茄品质的水分调控机制，在日光温室基质栽培条件下，以番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）品种181为材料，设置4个不同灌水处理，以田间最大持水量90%和75%为上、下限灌溉作为对照（正常灌溉），分别以正常灌溉量的80%、60%和40%作为轻度水分亏缺（T1）、中度水分亏缺（T2）和重度水分亏缺（T3）处理。结果表明，轻度水分亏缺和中度水分亏缺均能够提高番茄的风味品质，其中轻度水分亏缺下番茄果实可溶性糖和有机酸含量分别比对照提高12.81%和10.34%，而中度水分亏缺处理可溶性糖含量提高20.60%，轻度水分亏缺和中度水分亏缺处理番茄果实的糖酸比分别增加2.33%和20.70%。中度水分亏缺处理挥发性物质的种类为70种，含量为3 706.62 μg/kg；轻度水分亏缺处理挥发性物质的种类为60种，含量为3 090.11 μg/kg；对照挥发性物质的种类为57种，含量为2 236.64 μg/kg。番茄水分亏缺处理增加了具有花香气味的特征性挥发物质β-紫罗兰酮的含量，在中度水分亏缺处理中β-紫罗兰酮的含量最高。同时在对照番茄果实中检测到具有焦糖气味的2-甲基丁醇和具有苹果香味的顺-3-己烯醇2种特征性挥发物质，而在3个水分亏缺处理中均没有检测到。中度水分亏缺处理可溶性固形物、果实硬度、单果干物质含量、番茄红素含量、维生素C含量较对照分别增加了18.80%、27.34%、5.89%、13.30%和14.49%。综合各个指标，中度水分亏缺即60%正常灌水量可显著提高番茄果实的风味和营养品质，并达到生理节水的效果，可作为日光温室基质栽培高品质番茄的灌溉制度。
Abstract:
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) variety 181 was used as the test material under the condition of substrate culture in the solar greenhouse to study the regulatory mechanism of water in improving tomato qualities. Four different irrigation treatments were set, among them, 90% and 75% of the field maximum moisture capacity were set as the upper limit and lower limit of irrigation respectively and were used as CK (normal irrigation). 80%, 60% and 40% of the normal irrigation amount were used as mild water deficit treatment (T1), moderate water deficit treatment (T2) and severe water deficit treatment (T3). The results showed that, mild water deficit treatment and moderate water deficit treatment could improve the flavor quality of tomatoes, and the soluble sugar content and organic acid content in tomato fruits under mild water deficit treatment increased by 12.81% and 10.34% compared with that of control, respectively. Under the treatment of moderate water deficit, the soluble sugar content increased by 20.60% compared with that of control. Ratio of fruit sugar to fruit acid in tomatoes under mild water deficit treatment and moderate water deficit treatment increased by 2.33% and 20.70% respectively. There were 70 types of volatile substances with a content of 3 706.62 μg/kg under moderate water deficit treatment, while under mild water deficit treatment, there were 60 types of volatile substances with a content of 3 090.11 μg/kg. There were 57 types of volatile substances with a content of 2 236.64 μg/kg under CK treatment. The content of β-ionone (a characteristic volatile substance with floral odor) was increased under water deficit treatment of tomato, and was the highest under the treatment of moderate water deficit. Meanwhile, two characteristic volatile substances such as 3-methyl-butanol with caramel odor and cis-3-hexenol with apple flavor were detected in the tomato fruits under control treatment, but were not detected under three other treatments of water deficit. The soluble solids content, fruit firmness, dry matter content of single fruit, lycopene and vitamin C contents under moderate water deficit treatment increased by 18.80%, 27.34%, 5.89%, 13.30% and 14.49% respectively, compared with the control treatment. Based comprehensive consideration of all the indexes, moderate water deficit (60% normal irrigation amount) treatment can improve the flavor and nutritional qualities of tomato fruits significantly and achieve physiological water-saving effect, which can be used as the irrigation system for the cultivation of high-quality tomatoes by substrate in solar greenhouse.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2020-07-20基金项目：甘肃农业大学科技创新基金（国重实验室开放基金）项目（GSCS-2020-12）；中央引导地方科技发展专项（ZCYD-2020-5）；国家大宗蔬菜产业体系项目（CARS-23-C-07）；甘肃省自然科学基金项目（20JR10RA513）作者简介：刘晓奇（1994-)，男，河北秦皇岛人，硕士，研究方向为设施园艺学。(E-mail)2833231739@qq.com通讯作者：肖雪梅，(E-mail)xiaoxm@gsau.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2021-05-10