[1]冯翠,衣政伟,钱巍,等.不同种植模式下番茄根际土壤养分和真菌多样性分析[J].江苏农业学报,2022,38(02):462-468.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2022.02.021]
　FENG Cui,YI Zheng-wei,QIAN Wei,et al.Analysis on nutrients and fungal diversity of rhizosphere soil of tomatoes under different cropping patterns[J].,2022,38(02):462-468.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2022.02.021]
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不同种植模式下番茄根际土壤养分和真菌多样性分析()
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江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
38
期数:
2022年02期
页码:
462-468
栏目:
园艺
出版日期:
2022-04-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Analysis on nutrients and fungal diversity of rhizosphere soil of tomatoes under different cropping patterns
作者:
冯翠1; 衣政伟1; 钱巍1; 姜小三2; 刘慧颖1; 李成忠3
（1.江苏省农业科学院泰州农科所，江苏泰州225300；2.南京农业大学资源与环境学院，江苏南京210095；3.江苏农牧科技职业学院，江苏泰州225300）
Author(s):
FENG Cui1; YI Zheng-wei1; QIAN Wei1; JIANG Xiao-san2; LIU Hui-ying1; LI Cheng-zhong3
(1.Taizhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 225300, China;2.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;3.Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China)
关键词:
番茄; 真菌多样性; 土壤养分; 相关性分析; 土传病害
Keywords:
tomato; fungal diversity; soil nutrients; correlation analysis; soil-borne disease
分类号:
S641.2
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2022.02.021
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为探究番茄与不同作物轮作后其土壤理化性质及真菌组成的差异，明确番茄土传病害发生的原因，在连种2茬番茄后设置番茄-番茄连作、茄子-番茄轮作、慈姑-番茄轮作3种处理，分析土壤养分及根际土壤真菌的多样性。结果表明，不同种植模式间的土壤养分含量明显不同。轮作降低了番茄根际土壤有机质和全氮含量，极显著提高了土壤有效磷含量、有效钾含量和缓效钾含量，提高了真菌的丰富度和多样性。子囊菌门（Ascomycota）、担子菌门（Basidiomycota）和被孢霉门（Mortierellomycota）为优势菌群，其中2种轮作模式间的真菌属组成最为相似，均含有被孢霉属（Mortierella）、木霉属（Trichoderma）等抑制土传病害发生的生防真菌。相关性分析结果显示，土壤 pH 值与 Chao1指数呈正相关，Shannon 指数和 Simpson 指数与土壤 pH 值、有机质含量、全氮含量呈负相关，与土壤有效磷含量、有效钾含量和缓效钾含量均呈正相关。综上所述，轮作能改善土壤肥力，提高土壤真菌群落多样性，维持土壤菌群结构的平衡；土壤pH 值对真菌群落的组成影响较小，土壤含氮量较高，导致土壤真菌多样性降低。慈姑-番茄轮作是减缓番茄土传病害发生的有效方式之一，具有较好的应用前景。
Abstract:
The aim of the study was to investigate the difference of physical and chemical properties and fungus component of rhizosphere soils of tomatoes after rotation with different crops, and identify the causes of soil-borne diseases of tomatoes. Three treatments including continuous cropping tomatoes, eggplant-tomato rotated cropping and arrowhead-tomato rotated cropping were set after continuous cropping of tomatoes for two seasons. Soil nutrients and diversity of fungi in the rhizosphere soils were analyzed. The results showed that, there were obvious differences in soil nutrient contents among different cropping patterns. Compared with continuous cropping, contents of organic matter and nitrogen in tomato rhizosphere soils decreased, while contents of available phosphorus (P), available potassium (K) and slowly available K in the soils increased extremely significantly, and the richness and diversity of the soil fungi increased. Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota were the dominant phyla of all cropping patterns. The genus composition of fungi between two rotation patterns was the most similar, containing biocontrol fungi such as Mortierella and Trichoderma which could inhibit soil-borne diseases. Results of correlation analysis showed that, soil pH value was positively correlated with Chao1 index, while Shannon index and Simpson index were negatively correlated with soil pH value, organic matter content and total nitrogen content, and were positively correlated with soil available P content, available K content and slowly available K content. In conclusion, crop rotation could improve soil fertility, increase the community diversity of soil fungi and maintain the balance of soil microbial community structure. Soil pH value had little effect on fungal community composition, and nitrogen content in the soil was high, which caused reduction of fungal community diversity. Arrowhead-tomato rotation is one of the effective ways in slowing down the occurrence of soil-borne diseases of tomatoes, which has a good application prospect.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2021-08-08基金项目：泰州市科技支撑计划（农业）项目（TN201923）；江苏省“青蓝工程”优秀教学团队项目[苏教师函（2020）10号]作者简介：冯翠（1985-），女，山东枣庄人，硕士，助理研究员，主要从事蔬菜栽培及土壤微生物研究。（E-mail）mxaq007@163.com通讯作者：李成忠，（E-mail）czli@jsahvc.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2022-05-07