[1]安霞,董月,吴建燕,等.氮肥形态对甘薯产量和养分吸收的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(05):1049-1054.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.015]
 AN Xia,DONG Yue,WU Jian-yan,et al.Effects of forms of nitrogen fertilizer on yield and nutrient uptake of sweet potato[J].,2016,(05):1049-1054.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.015]
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氮肥形态对甘薯产量和养分吸收的影响()
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江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2016年05期
页码:
1049-1054
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2016-11-22

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of forms of nitrogen fertilizer on yield and nutrient uptake of sweet potato
作者:
安霞1董月1吴建燕12宁运旺1许建平1李传哲12张永春12
1. 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业部江苏耕地保育科学观测实验站,江苏南京210014;2. 南京农业大学,江苏南京210095
Author(s):
AN Xia1DONG Yue1WU Jian-yan12NING Yun-wang1XU Jian-ping1LI Chuan-zhe12ZHANG Yong-chun12
1. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China; 2.Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095,China
关键词:
甘薯氮肥形态叶面积指数氮素生产效率
Keywords:
sweet potatoform of nitrogen fertilizerleaf area indexnitrogen use efficiency
分类号:
S143.1
DOI:
10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.015
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为给甘薯高产栽培技术提供理论依据,在大田生产条件下,分别施用酰胺态氮、硝态氮和铵态氮肥,研究了3种不同形态氮肥对甘薯产量、养分吸收及氮素效率的影响。结果表明,3种形态氮肥均可提高单株甘薯产量、薯数及单个薯质量,其中以铵态氮肥(T3)处理的单株甘薯产量和单株结薯数最高,分别达到995.16 g、5.42个,显著高于酰胺态氮肥(T1)处理和硝态氮肥(T2)处理(P<0.05),单个薯质量则以硝态氮处理最高,为185.87 g。叶面积指数在移栽后60 d时达到最大值,其中铵态氮肥处理(3.73)>硝态氮肥处理(3.43)>酰胺态氮肥处理(2.63)。甘薯根、叶干物质累积速率以铵态氮肥(T3)处理最高,其次为硝态氮肥(T2)处理。甘薯地上部对氮、磷、钾养分的吸收累积主要集中在甘薯旺长期、膨大期,其中,甘薯叶、茎柄对N的累积量T2处理>T3处理>T1处理,对P、K的累积量T3处理>T2处理>T1处理;由于块根的不断膨大,甘薯根对氮磷钾养分的吸收则随时间呈上升趋势,其中,根对N的累积量T2处理>T3处理>T1处理,对P的累积量T1处理>T2处理>T3处理,对K的累积量T3处理>T1处理>T2处理。3种形态氮肥处理中,硝态氮肥处理的氮肥利用率最高(39.23%),其次为铵态氮肥处理(29.91%),酰胺态氮肥处理最低(27.56%);但铵态氮肥处理收获指数最高,为0.67,其次为硝态氮肥和酰胺态氮肥处理,均为0.64。因此,施用铵态氮肥最利于甘薯的高产和高效。
Abstract:
To provide a theoretical basis for the high yield cultivation technology of sweet potato, three nitrogen forms, CONH4-N,NH+4-N and NO-3-N, were applied in the field culture experiments, respectively. The effects of different forms of nitrogen fertilizer on sweet potato yield, nutrient absorption and nitrogen efficiency were studied. All three forms of nitrogen fertilizer increased the yield and the number of sweet potato per plant and the weight of a single tuber, NH+4-N fertilizer treatment showing the greatest yield and potato number per plant which were 995.16 g and 5.42, respectively. The plants treated with NO-3-N exhibited the highest weight of a single tuber,185.87 g. Leaf area index peaked in 60 d after planting, with the NH+4-N treatment (3.73) >NO-3-N treatment (3.43) >CONH4-N treatment (2.63). The dry matter accumulation rate of root and leaves in NH+4-N treatment(T3) was the highest, followed by NO-3-N treatment(T2) and CONH4-N treatment (T1). Uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by sweet potato took place in the vigorous growth period of shoots and enlargement period of tubers, with the N uptake in sweet potato leaf and stem taking the order of T2 > T3 > T1 and P and K uptake taking the order of T3> T2 > T1. Due to the root enlargement, N, P and K nutrient absorptions in sweet potato root were on the rise over time; N uptake followed the order of T2 > T3 > T1, P uptake, T1 > T2 > T3, and K uptake,T3 >T1 > T2. In three forms of nitrogen treatments, NO-3-N treatment had the highest utilization rate of nitrogen (39.23%), followed by NH+4-N treatment (29.91%), and the lowest in CONH4-N treatment(27.56%). The NH+4-N treatment took the highest harvest index of 0.67, followed by NO-3-N treatment and CONH4-N treatment. Therefore, NH+4-N fertilizer is the most suitable fertilizer for achieving high yield and high nitrogen use efficiency in sweet potato.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期:2016-02-09 基金项目:现代农业产业技术体系建设专项基金项目(CARS-11-B-15);江苏省农业科学院成果导向型重大项目[CX(14)2005];国家自然科学基金项目(31401337);国际植物营养研究所合作项目(JIANGSU-11) 作者简介:〖JP3〗安霞(1989-),女,山东禹城人,硕士,研究实习员,从事土壤质量管理研究。(E-mail)690993796@qq.com 通讯作者:张永春,(E-mail)yczhang66@sina.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2016-11-22