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南京设施蔬菜基地土壤中多环芳烃（PAHs）的污染特征、来源及健康风险评价()

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江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:: 2025年07期

页码:: 1438-1447

栏目:: 加工贮藏·质量安全

出版日期:: 2025-07-31

文章信息/Info

Title:: Pollution characteristics, sources and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil of facility vegetable bases in Nanjing

作者:: 孙佳兰¹; 2; 董成¹; 2; 生弘杰²; 张雷刚²; 陈小龙²; 余向阳²; 葛静¹; 2; (江苏海洋大学海洋食品与生物工程学院,江苏连云港222005；2.江苏省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所,江苏南京210014)

Author(s):: SUN Jialan¹; 2; DONG Cheng¹; 2SHENG Hongjie²; ZHANG Leigang²; CHEN Xiaolong²; YU Xiangyang²; GE Jing¹; 2; (1.School of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China;2.Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China)

关键词:: 土壤; 多环芳烃（PAHs）; 污染特征; 风险评价

Keywords:: soil; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); pollution characteristics; risk assessment

分类号:: X82

DOI:: doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2025.07.020

文献标志码:: A

摘要:: 本研究以江苏省南京市六合区4个设施蔬菜基地（D1～D4）土壤作为研究对象,共采集表层土壤样品156份,采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法测定16种多环芳烃(PAHs)单体含量。结果表明,D1、D2、D3和D4土壤中16种PAHs含量分别为82.82～145.90 μg/kg、106.08～182.63 μg/kg、70.58～119.27 μg/kg、189.88～423.29 μg/kg；均值分别为106.59 μg/kg、143.21 μg/kg、92.69 μg/kg、289.32 μg/kg；中位数分别为111.71 μg/kg、135.16 μg/kg、88.19 μg/kg、296.36 μg/kg。D1～D4土壤中PAHs的来源大致相同,机动车尾气排放和石油是其主要来源。通过终生致癌风险值进行风险评价,结果发现D1、D2、D3土壤中PAHs终生致癌风险可以忽略不计；D4土壤中PAHs终生致癌风险处于低风险水平。毒性当量含量风险评估结果显示,16种PAHs的毒性当量含量（TEQBaP16）均值为1.421～16.281 μg/kg,而7种致癌性PAHs的毒性当量含量（TEQBaP7）均值为1.243～15.883 μg/kg,表明研究区土壤中致癌风险的主要贡献者是7种致癌性PAHs,其中D4研究区BaP贡献率最大(75.893%)。本研究结果可为南京市相关部门对设施蔬菜基地土壤中PAHs预防和控制提供参考。

Abstract:: This study focused on the soil from four facility vegetable bases (D1-D4) in Luhe District, Nanjing City, collecting a total of 156 surface soil samples. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method was employed to determine the contents of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The results showed that the contents of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the soils of D1, D2, D3 and D4 facility vegetable bases ranged from 82.82 μg/kg to 145.90 μg/kg, 106.08 μg/kg to 182.63 μg/kg, 70.58 μg/kg to 119.27 μg/kg and 189.88 μg/kg to 423.29 μg/kg, respectively. The mean values were 106.59 μg/kg, 143.21 μg/kg, 92.69 μg/kg, and 289.30 μg/kg, respectively. The median values were 111.71 μg/kg, 135.16 μg/kg, 88.19 μg/kg, and 296.36 μg/kg, respectively. The sources of PAHs in the four facility vegetable sites were generally similar, with motor vehicle exhaust emissions and petroleum being the main sources of PAHs. Risk assessment based on lifetime carcinogenic risk values revealed that PAHs in D1, D2, and D3 soils posed negligible carcinogenic risks, while those in D4 soil were at a low-risk level. Risk assessment results based on toxic equivalent concentrations indicated that the mean values of toxic equivalent concentrations of 16 PAHs (TEQBaP16) ranged from 1.421 μg/kg to 16.281 μg/kg, while the mean values for seven carcinogenic PAHs (TEQBaP7) ranged from 1.243 μg/kg to 15.883 μg/kg. This suggested that the seven carcinogenic PAHs were the primary contributors to soil carcinogenic risk in the study area, with BaP in the D4 site showing the highest contribution rate (75.893%). The results of this study can provide a scientific reference for relevant authorities in Nanjing to prevent and control PAH contamination in soils of facility vegetable bases.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:: 收稿日期：2024-09-09基金项目：江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(22)2036]；江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX2023-122)作者简介：孙佳兰(1998-),女,广西桂林人,硕士研究生,主要从事农产品产地污染修复研究。(E-mail)18276365598@163.com通讯作者：葛静,(E-mail)cherrygejing@126.com

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