[1]刘鹏,袁川,曲佐昊,等.不同灌溉量条件下有机肥氮替代化肥氮对棉花生长、土壤养分含量及产量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2025,(12):2359-2370.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2025.11.009]
　LIU Peng,YUAN Chuan,QU Zuohao,et al.Effects of substituting chemical fertilizer nitrogen with organic manure nitrogen on cotton growth, soil nutrient content, and yield under different irrigation levels[J].,2025,(12):2359-2370.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2025.11.009]
点击复制

不同灌溉量条件下有机肥氮替代化肥氮对棉花生长、土壤养分含量及产量的影响()

江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2025年12期
页码:
2359-2370
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2025-12-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of substituting chemical fertilizer nitrogen with organic manure nitrogen on cotton growth, soil nutrient content, and yield under different irrigation levels
作者:
刘鹏1; 袁川1; 曲佐昊1; 张茜1; 张振飞2; 颜安2
(1.新疆农业大学资源与环境学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052；2.新疆农业大学草业学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052)
Author(s):
LIU Peng1; YUAN Chuan1; QU Zuohao1; ZHANG Xi1; ZHANG Zhenfei2; YAN An2
(1.College of Resources and Environment, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;2.College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China)
关键词:
棉花; 有机肥; 化肥; 灌溉量; 生长指标; 土壤养分; 产量
Keywords:
cotton; organic manure; chemical fertilizer; irrigation level; growth indicators; soil nutrients; yield
分类号:
S562；S147.2
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2025.11.009
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为深入探究在不同灌溉量条件下,商品有机肥氮替代化肥氮对棉花生长发育、棉田土壤养分含量以及棉花产量所产生的影响,从而明确在干旱地区不同灌溉条件下,实现棉花稳定增产、有效改善土壤理化性质的最优水肥配比方案,本研究于新疆维吾尔自治区巴楚县现代农业产业园开展大田试验。本试验共设置2个灌溉处理,分别为节水灌溉(W1)和常规灌溉(W2)；同时设置了5个施肥处理,分别是常规施化肥(CF)、有机肥氮替代15%化肥氮(T15)、有机肥氮替代30%化肥氮(T30)、有机肥氮替代45%化肥氮(T45)以及有机肥氮替代60%化肥氮(T60)。研究结果显示，在节水灌溉条件下,各个施肥处理的棉花株高、地上部生物量、理论籽棉产量以及理论皮棉产量等指标总体上优于常规灌溉条件下的对应处理。T60处理在植株株高、叶面积指数、叶绿素相对含量以及地上部生物量等方面表现普遍优于T15处理、T30处理和T45处理。土壤全氮含量、有机质含量、碱解氮含量、有效磷含量以及速效钾含量大多呈现出随着土层深度的增加而逐渐降低的趋势,土壤养分主要集中在表层。在两种不同灌溉条件下,与CF处理相比,较高比例的有机肥氮替代化肥氮对提升土壤有机质含量具有一定的积极作用。此外,节水灌溉条件下的水分利用效率明显高于常规灌溉,并且节水灌溉条件下的理论籽棉产量整体水平高于常规灌溉。相较于CF处理,T60处理在两种不同灌溉条件下,棉花单株铃数、理论籽棉产量以及理论皮棉产量均展现出更为突出的优势。综上,本研究结果表明,在采取节水灌溉措施的前提下,有机肥氮替代60%化肥氮的施肥策略是促进棉花植株生长、保障棉花产量稳定以及改善土壤养分含量的最佳选择。
Abstract:
To investigate the effects of replacing chemical fertilizer nitrogen (N) with organic fertilizer N under di-fferent irrigation levels on cotton growth and development, soil nutrient content, and yield in cotton fields, and to determine the optimal water and fertilizer management strategy for stable yields and improved soil physicochemical properties in arid regions, a field experiment was conducted in the Modern Agricultural Industrial Park of Bachu County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The experiment included two irrigation treatments: water-saving irrigation (W1) and conventional irrigation (W2), and five fertilization treatments: conventional chemical fertilizer application (CF), 15% substitution of chemical fertilizer nitrogen with organic manure nitrogen (T15), 30% substitution of chemical fertilizer nitrogen with organic manure nitrogen (T30), 45% substitution of chemical fertilizer nitrogen with organic manure nitrogen (T45), and 60% substitution of chemical fertilizer nitrogen with organic manure nitrogen (T60). The results showed that under water-saving irrigation, cotton plant height, aboveground biomass, theoretical seed cotton yield, and theoretical lint yield were generally superior to those observed in the corresponding treatments under conventional irrigation. The T60 treatment generally demonstrated superior performance compared to the T15, T30, and T45 treatments across multiple parameters, including plant height, leaf area index, relative chlorophyll content, and aboveground biomass. The contents of soil total nitrogen, organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium generally exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing soil depth, with nutrients predominantly concentrated in the topsoil. Under both irrigation conditions, higher substitution ratios of organic manure nitrogen for chemical fertilizer nitrogen demonstrated a positive effect on enhancing soil organic matter content compared to the CF treatment. Furthermore, water use efficiency under water-saving irrigation was significantly higher than that under conventional irrigation, and the overall level of theoretical seed cotton yield also exceeded that under conventional irrigation conditions. Compared to the CF treatment, the T60 treatment demonstrated more pronounced advantages in the number of bolls per plant, theoretical seed cotton yield, and theoretical lint cotton yield under both irrigation conditions. In summary, the results of this study indicate that under water-saving irrigation conditions, the fertilization strategy of substituting 60% of chemical fertilizer nitrogen with organic manure nitrogen represents the optimal approach for promoting cotton plant growth, ensuring stable cotton yield, and improving soil nutrient content.

参考文献/References:

[1]戴瑞玉,于建芝. 探讨我国棉花产业健康发展的途径[J]. 中国棉花加工,2012(3):43-44.
[2]薛惠云. 基于光空间分布的棉花长势监测研究[D]. 武汉:华中农业大学,2016.
[3]张学昕,刘淑英,王平. 不同施肥处理对棉花生长及产量参数的影响[J]. 广东农业科学,2018,45(10):61-67.
[4]梁静,王丽英,陈清,等. 我国设施番茄氮肥施用量现状及其利用率、产量影响和地力贡献率分析评价[J]. 中国蔬菜,2015(10):16-21.
[5]武良,张卫峰,陈新平,等. 中国农田氮肥投入和生产效率[J]. 中国土壤与肥料,2016(4):76-83.
[6]张慧. 化肥有机替代对花生地土壤微生物与有机碳的影响[D]. 乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2023.
[7]刘起. 临颍县辣椒种植户有机肥施用意愿与行为差异的调查研究[D]. 乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2022.
[8]梅丽. 几种绿肥作物种植技术及养分释放特性研究[D]. 武汉：华中农业大学,2012.
[9]CHEN X J, XI K P, YANG Z P, et al. Long-term increases in continuous cotton yield and soil fertility following the application of cotton straw and organic manure[J]. Agronomy,2023,13(8):2133.
[10]卢合全,唐薇,罗振,等. 商品有机肥替代部分化肥对连作棉田土壤养分、棉花生长发育及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报,2021,47(12):2511-2521.
[11]哈丽哈什·依巴提,李青军,张炎. 有机肥氮替代部分化肥氮对棉花养分吸收、氮素利用和产量的影响[J]. 中国土壤与肥料,2019(3):137-142.
[12]王永静,闫周府. 新疆玛纳斯河流域用水结构演变及其驱动力分析[J]. 干旱区研究,2017,34(2):243-250.
[13]吴梅,张金珠,王振华,等. 水气互作对膜下滴灌玉米生理生长及产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报,2024,26(8):189-200.
[14]朱延凯,王振华,李文昊. 不同盐胁迫对滴灌棉花生理生长及产量的影响[J]. 水土保持学报,2018,32(2):298-305.
[15]蔡利华,练文明,邰红忠,等. 南疆两种膜下滴灌布管方式对机采棉产量和品质的影响[J]. 干旱地区农业研究,2019,37(2):52-58.
[16]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社,2008.
[17]刘翔. 生育期亏缺灌溉对南疆棉花生长和水氮利用的影响[D]. 杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2020.
[18]汪苏洁,贵会平,董强,等. 有机肥替代对棉花养分积累、产量及土壤肥力的影响[J]. 棉花学报,2021,33(1):54-65.
[19]徐娜,党廷辉,刘文兆. 黄土高塬沟壑区农田土壤养分与作物产量变化的长期监测[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(5):1240-1248.
[20]常汉达,王晶,张凤华. 棉花长期连作结合秸秆还田对土壤颗粒有机碳及红外光谱特征的影响[J]. 应用生态学报,2019,30(4):1218-1226.
[21]秦都林,王双磊,刘艳慧,等. 滨海盐碱地棉花秸秆还田对土壤理化性质及棉花产量的影响[J]. 作物学报,2017,43(7):1030-1042.
[22]LU Y H, GAO Y J, NIE J, et al. Substituting chemical P fertilizer with organic manure:effects on double-rice yield,phosphorus use efficiency and balance in subtropical China[J]. Scientific Reports,2021,11(1):8629.
[23]周玲红,黄晶,王伯仁,等. 南方酸化红壤钾素淋溶对施石灰的响应[J]. 土壤学报,2020,57(2):457-467.
[24]YE L, ZHAO X, BAO E C, et al. Bio-organic fertilizer with reduced rates of chemical fertilization improves soil fertility and enhances tomato yield and quality[J]. Scientific Reports,2020,10(1):177.
[25]LUSIBA S, ODHIAMBO J, OGOLA J. Effect of biochar and phosphorus fertilizer application on soil fertility:soil physical and che-mical properties[J]. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science,2017,63(4):477-490.
[26]李彦,孙翠平,井永苹,等. 长期施用有机肥对潮土土壤肥力及硝态氮运移规律的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报,2017,36(7):1386-1394.
[27]孙晓然. 追肥深度对旱作麦田土壤养分特征及小麦生长发育的影响[D]. 青岛:青岛农业大学,2015.
[28]张慧,张凯,陈冰,等. 不同灌溉量对新疆棉花生长发育及产量形成的影响[J]. 干旱区研究,2022,39(6):1976-1985.
[29]马凡凡,邢素林,甘曼琴,等. 有机肥替代化肥对水稻产量、土壤肥力及农田氮磷流失的影响[J]. 作物杂志,2019(5):89-96.
[30]黄伟,王西和,贾宏涛,等. 磷肥有机替代、秸秆还田对土壤化学性质和棉花产量及其构成的影响[J]. 中国土壤与肥料,2024(4):64-75.
[31]罗雪梅,陈明媛,王宁宁,等. 减氮及有机替代对新疆棉田土壤氮素有效性和利用效率的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报,2024,30(2):289-306.
[32]牛新湘,蒲胜海,吴湘琳,等. 棉区有机肥替代化肥对棉花产量及其构成因子的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学,2021,58(9):1672-1677.
[33]裴宏伟,孙宏勇,沈彦俊,等. 不同灌溉处理下冬小麦水平衡与灌溉增产效率研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报,2011,19(5):1054-1059.
[34]张慧. 灌溉量对棉花生长发育及生理生化特征的影响[D]. 乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2023.

相似文献/References:

[1]赵亮,狄佳春,陈旭升.棉花基因组数据库中ＣＰＳ＆ＫＳ 基因的查找与分析[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(01):27.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.01.004 ]
　ZHAO Liang,DI Jia-chun,CEHN Xu-sheng.Analysis of ent-copalyl diphosphate aynthase and ent-kaurene synthase (CPS&KS) gene family in cotton genome databases[J].,2016,(12):27.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.01.004 ]
[2]赵君,刘剑光,吴巧娟,等.棉花种质种仁含油量测定及其遗传多样性分析[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(05):975.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.05.006]
　ZHAO Jun,LIU Jian-guang,WU Qiao-juan,et al.Kernel oil content and genetic diversity of upland cotton germplasm[J].,2015,(12):975.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.05.006]
[3]杨长琴,刘瑞显,张国伟,等.花铃期干旱对棉纤维素累积及纤维比强度的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(06):1218.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.06.005]
　YANG Chang-qin,LIU Rui-xian,ZHANG Guo-wei,et al.Cellulose accumulation and fiber strength affected by drought during flowering and bolling stage in cotton[J].,2015,(12):1218.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.06.005]
[4]杨长琴,刘瑞显,张国伟,等.花铃期渍水对棉铃对位叶光合速率、物质累积及产量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(04):732.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.04.004]
　YANG Chang-qin,LIU Rui-xian,ZHANG Guo-wei,et al.Photosynthesis of subtending leaves of bolls, dry matter accumulation and cotton yield in response to waterlogging during flowering and boll-forming stage[J].,2015,(12):732.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.04.004]
[5]刘雅辉,王秀萍,鲁雪林,等.棉花耐盐相关序列扩增多态性（SRAP）分子标记筛选[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(03):484.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.03.003]
　LIU Ya-hui,WANG Xiu-ping,LU Xue-lin,et al.Selection of sequence-related amplified polymorphism molecular marker associated with salt tolerance of cotton[J].,2015,(12):484.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.03.003]
[6]王为,叶泗洪,潘宗瑾,等.棉花分子标记冗余性检测与评价的方法[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(02):247.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.02.004]
　WANG Wei,YE Si-hong,PAN Zong-jin,et al.An approach to detecting and evaluating molecular marker redundancy in cotton[J].,2015,(12):247.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.02.004]
[7]郭琪,徐珍珍,黄芳,等.棉花HKT基因家族的全基因组分析[J].江苏农业学报,2017,(05):975.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.05.003]
　GUO Qi,XU Zhen-zhen,HUANG Fang,et al.Genome-wide analysis of high-affinity potassium transporter gene family in cotton[J].,2017,(12):975.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.05.003]
[8]黄芳,徐珍珍,孟珊,等.盐胁迫下棉花LTR-反转座子的转录激活及在耐盐相关基因发掘中的应用[J].江苏农业学报,2017,(06):1220.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.06.004]
　HUANG Fang,XU Zhen-zhen,MENG Shan,et al.The identification of long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTR-RTs) with transcription activity under salt stress and its application in screening the candidate genes related to salt-tolerant in cotton[J].,2017,(12):1220.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.06.004]
[9]张周,陈雪,张富贵,等.双料箱施肥机关键部件的设计[J].江苏农业学报,2018,(01):213.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2018.01.031]
　ZHANG Zhou,CHEN Xue,ZHANG Fu-gui,et al.Design of key components of fertilizer applicator with double fertilizer boxes[J].,2018,(12):213.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2018.01.031]
[10]徐剑文,孔杰,赵君,等.盐胁迫下棉花萌发、成苗和产量相关性状的QTL定位[J].江苏农业学报,2018,(05):972.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2018.05.002]
　XU Jian-wen,KONG-Jie,ZHAO Jun,et al.Identification of QTLs conferring the traits related to germination, seedling survival and production of cotton under salt stress[J].,2018,(12):972.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2018.05.002]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2024-11-29基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(32160527)；新疆维吾尔自治区青年科技拔尖人才项目(2022TSYCCX0044)作者简介：刘鹏(1999-),男,安徽涡阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为农业信息化。(E-mail)liupeng991117@163.com通讯作者：颜安,(E-mail)yanan@xjau.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2026-01-20