[1]杨长琴,张国伟,刘瑞显,等.氮肥运筹对麦后直播棉光合性能、生物量、氮素累积及产量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2017,(05):1028-1035.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.05.011]
　YANG Chang-qin,ZHANG Guo-wei,LIU Rui-xian,et al.Effects of nitrogen management on photosynthesis, biomass, nitrogen accumulation and yield traits of field-seeded cotton after barley harvest[J].,2017,(05):1028-1035.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.05.011]
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氮肥运筹对麦后直播棉光合性能、生物量、氮素累积及产量的影响()
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江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2017年05期
页码:
1028-1035
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2017-10-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of nitrogen management on photosynthesis, biomass, nitrogen accumulation and yield traits of field-seeded cotton after barley harvest
作者:
杨长琴1; 张国伟1; 刘瑞显1; 倪万潮1; 王致春2
(1.江苏省农业科学院经济作物研究所/农业部长江下游棉花与油菜重点实验室，江苏南京210014；2.天地成微生物技术(北京)有限公司，北京100083)
Author(s):
YANG Chang-qin1; ZHANG Guo-wei1; LIU Rui-xian1; NI Wan-chao1; WANG Zhi-chun2
(1.Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences / The Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rape in Yangtze River Downstream of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China;2.Todosway Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China)
关键词:
麦后直播棉; 氮肥运筹; 光合性能; 生物量与氮素累积; 产量性状
Keywords:
field-seeded cotton after barley harvest; nitrogen management; photosynthesis; biomass and nitrogen accumulation; yield traits
分类号:
S562.01
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.05.011
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
以早熟棉中棉所50为材料，采用裂区设计，研究施氮量(0 kg/hm2、75 kg/hm2、150 kg/hm2、225 kg/hm2和300 kg/hm2)和施用次数(1次和2次)对麦后直播棉光合性能、生物量、氮素累积及产量性状的影响。结果表明，麦后直播棉功能叶SPAD值、净光合速率、生物量和氮素累积量及果枝数、果节数和节枝比均随施氮量增加而增加；功能叶SPAD值和净光合速率、果枝数、果节数和节枝比在初花期以施用1次处理较高，吐絮期则以施用2次处理较高；生物量在盛花期前以施用1次处理较高，其后以施用2次处理较高；氮素累积量初花期以施用1次处理较高，初花后以施用2次处理较高。施氮量与施用次数互作分析结果显示，吐絮期功能叶SPAD值与净光合速率、果枝数、果节数及皮棉产量均以150～300 kg/hm2、施用2次处理较高。理论生物量和最大累积速率随施氮量的增加而增加，以施用2次处理较高，且以施氮量150 kg/hm2、施用2次处理生物量快速累积起始期较早、持续期较短而速率较高。相关性分析结果表明，初花后氮素累积有利于提高生物量快速累积期的最大速率和最终的生物量，初花后生物量和氮素累积量与吐絮期果枝数、果节数及产量呈极显著正相关。综上所述，氮肥运筹显著影响麦后直播棉光合性能、生物量和氮素累积，以施氮量150 kg/hm2,施用2次处理生物量累积特征值较优，有利最终产量的形成。
Abstract:
Using the early maturing cotton (CCRI 50) as material, a field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of nitrogen management on photosynthetic characteristics, biomass, nitrogen accumulation and yield traits of field-seeded cotton after barley harvest. A split-plot design with three replicates was used for the study. The main plots comprised five levels of nitrogen application rate (0 kg/hm2, 75 kg/hm2, 150 kg/hm2, 225 kg/hm2 and 300 kg/hm2), while two levels of application frequency (one or two times) constituted the subplots. The results showed that the SPAD value and the net photosynthesis rate of functional leaves, the biomass and nitrogen accumulation, the numbers of fruit branches and fruit nodes increased increase of nitrogen rate from 0 kg/hm2 to 300 kg/hm2. The SPAD value and the net photosynthesis rate of functional leaves, the numbers of fruit branches and fruit nodes of one time application were higher than those of the two times application at early-flowering stage, but they were contrary at boll-opening stage. The biomass of one time application was higher than that of the two times application before full-flowering stage, but it was contrary after full-flowering stage. The nitrogen accumulation of one time application was higher than that of the two times application at early-flowering stage, but it was contrary after early-flowering stage. The results of interactive effect of nitrogen rate and application frequency showed that the SPAD value and the net photosynthesis rate of functional leaves, the number of fruit branches and fruit nodes at boll-opening stage and lint yield were higher under the treatment of nitrogen rate from 150 kg/hm2 to 300 kg/hm2 with two times application. The maximum biomass of rapid accumulation and its maximum speed increased with the increasing of nitrogen rate, and they were higher under the treatment of two times application than those of one time application. The biomass accumulation initiated earlier but lasted less days with higher maximum speed under the treatment of 150 kg/hm2 nitrogen rate with two times application than those of other treatments. The results of correlation analysis showed that the nitrogen accumulation after early flowering was beneficial for increasing biomass accumulation and its maximum speed. Correlation analysis also showed that biomass and nitrogen accumulation after early flowering positively correlated with the number of fruit branches and fruit nodes and lint yield at boll-opening stage. In summary, nitrogen management affected photosynthesis, biomass and nitrogen accumulation of field-seeded cotton after barley harvest. The higher nitrogen accumulation, more optimized characteristic value of biomass accumulation and higher yield were found under the treatment of nitrogen rate of 150 kg/hm2 with two times application.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2017-05-04 基金项目：国家重点研发计划项目 (2017YFD0201900)；农业部长江下游棉花与油菜重点实验室开放课题(2017-CR01)；江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(14)2065]；江苏省科技支撑计划项目（BE2014389） 作者简介：杨长琴（1972-），女，江苏仪征人，博士，副研究员，主要从事棉花栽培生理研究。（E-mail）ychq2003@qq.com 通讯作者：刘瑞显，(E-mail)liuruixian2008@163.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2017-11-03