[1]范如芹,罗佳,高岩,等.凹凸土对无土栽培基质性能及番茄育苗的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(04):792-797.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.04.013]
　FAN Ru-qin,LUO Jia,GAO Yan,et al.Effects of attapulgite on the properties of soilless substrate and performance of tomato seedling[J].,2015,(04):792-797.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.04.013]
点击复制

凹凸土对无土栽培基质性能及番茄育苗的影响()
分享到：

江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2015年04期
页码:
792-797
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2015-08-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of attapulgite on the properties of soilless substrate and performance of tomato seedling
作者:
范如芹; 罗佳; 高岩; 严少华; 张振华
（江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所，江苏南京210014）
Author(s):
FAN Ru-qin; LUO Jia; GAO Yan; YAN Shao-hua; ZHANG Zhen-hua
(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment，Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Nanjing 210014，China)
关键词:
凹凸土; 无土栽培; 基质; 电导率; 改性 
Keywords:
attapulgite; soilless culture; substrate; electrical conductivity; modify
分类号:
S157.9
DOI:
10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.04.013
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为改善凹凸土吸附性能和应用效果及拓宽其应用领域，本试验尝试了对凹凸土进行改性，比较以不同比例添加3种类型凹凸土（天然、纯化及改性凹凸土）对基于养猪发酵床垫料的无土栽培基质性能的改善作用，并观测该基质对番茄育苗的影响。结果显示，改性后凹凸土表面变得疏松、孔隙增加、吸附性能明显增强。随着天然和纯化凹凸土添加比例的增加，基质容重和持水量明显增大, 而总孔隙度和通气孔隙度迅速降低。0～20%添加量，天然凹凸土添加对基质电导率（EC）的影响不明显，纯化凹凸土添加使得EC略有降低，改性凹凸土效果最为明显，添加量分别为3%和5%时，EC由2.36 mS/cm分别显著降低到2.01 mS/cm和 1.89 mS/cm。番茄出苗率与基质EC之间存在显著负相关关系。番茄苗株高、茎粗、茎叶鲜质量和干质量及根部鲜质量和干质量受天然凹凸土影响不明显，但随纯化及改性凹凸土添加有所改善，尤其在10%纯化凹凸土和5%改性凹凸土添加基质中长势最佳。综上可知，经过纯化尤其是改性后天然凹凸土性能得到大幅提升，将其以合适比例添加入基质后可有效改善基质性能及育苗效果。 
Abstract:
To improve the absorption property of attapulgite, as well as to enlarge the scope of its applications, an attapulgite was modified, and the properties of a soilless substrate based on pig bedding litter amended with different proportions of three types of attapulgites (natural, purified and modified)were studied. The performance of tomato seedling rasied in the substrates was also determined. The surface of attapulgite was loosened after modification, with increased pores and elevated absorption property. The bulk density and water holding capacity of the substrate were increased with additions of natural and purified attapulgites, while the total porosity and air porosity were significantly reduced. The electrical conductivity (EC) of substrates was not affected by addition of 0-20% natural attapulgite, while it was slightly reduced by addition of purified attapulgite. The 3% and 5% modified attapulgite applications were the most effective in reducing EC of the substrate, which was reduced from 2.36 mS/cm to 2.01 mS/cm and 1.89 mS/cm, respectively. There was a significant negative correlation relationship between emergence rates of tomato seedlings and EC of the substrate. The plant height, stem diameter, fresh and dry weights of the shoot and root exhibited no apparent changes with the addition of natural attapulgite, but were generally improved by the additions of purified and modified attapulgites. The seedlings gave the best performance in the substrates modified with 10% purified and 5% modified attapulgites. Accordingly, the properties of attapulgites were substantially promoted after purification, especially modification. Proper addition of purified and modified attapulgites could effectively improve the properties of substrates and the performance of seedling nursery.

参考文献/References:


[1]BRADLEY W F. The structural scheme of attapulgite [J]. American Mineralogist, 1940, 25(6): 405-410.
[2]钱运华,费泽才. 凹凸棒石粘土填充橡胶研究[J]. 非金属矿, 2000, 23(6): 25-26.
[3]胡涛,钱运华,金叶玲,等. 凹凸棒土的应用研究[J]. 中国矿业, 2006, 14(10): 73-76.
[4]王红艳,张艳,周守勇,等. 硫酸改性凹凸棒粘土的性能表征及吸附Pb II工艺研究[J].淮阴师范学院学报：自然科学版, 2005, 4(1): 47-50.
[5]黄健花,王兴国,金青哲,等.超声波有机改性凹凸棒土的苯酚吸附性能研究[J]. 环境污染治理技术与设备， 2005, 6(9): 25-28.
[6]高华,方兴. 凹凸棒土改性方法研究进展[J]. 资源开发与市场, 2008, 24(12): 1090-1093.
[7]柴喜荣,程智慧,孟焕文,等. 追肥对农业废弃物有机基质栽培番茄生长发育和养分吸收的影响[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2013, 36(2): 20-24.
[8]张建华.典型有机废弃物堆肥化产品的基质利用和对土传细菌病害抑制作用的研究 [M]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2012.
[9]FARRELL M, JONES D L. Food waste composting: Its use as a peat replacement[J]. Waste Management, 2010, 30: 1495-1501.
[10]AS 3743-2003Australian standards for potting mixes[S].
[11]FARRELL C, ANG X Q, RAYNER J P. Water-retention additives increase plant available water in green roof substrates[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2013, 52: 112-118.
[12]王黎明. 土壤中阳离子交换量的快速测定——蒸馏法 [J]. 宁夏农林科技, 2012, 53(9): 156-156.
[13]DE BOODT M, VERDONCK O. The physical properties of substrates in horticulture [J]. Acta Hort, 1972, 26:37-44.
[14]ABAD M, NOGUERA P, BURS S. National inventory of organic wastes for use as growing media for ornamental potted plant production: case study in Spain[J]. Bioresourse Technology, 2001, 77: 197-200.
[15]JAYASINGHE G Y, ARACHCHI I D L, TOKASHIKI Y. Evaluation of containerized substrates developed from cattle manure compost and synthetic aggregates for ornamental plant production as a peat alternative[J]. Resourses, Conservation, and Recycling, 2010, 54:1412-1418.
[16]BUSTAMANTE M A, PAREDES C, MORAL R, et al. Composts from distillery wastes as peat substitutes for transplant production[J]. Resourses, Conservation, and Recycling, 2008, 52:792-799.
[17]MEDINA E, PAREDES C, PREZ-MURCIA M D, et al. Spent mushroom substrates as component of growing media for germination and growth of horticultural plants[J]. Bioresourse Technology, 2009,100:4227-4232. 〖ZK）〗〖FL）〗

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2015-01-25 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（41401259）；中国博士后科学基金项目（2014M551528）；江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(12)1001-07];江苏省六大人才高峰项目（NY-033）;江苏省留学人员科技资助项目（苏人社2014-323） 作者简介：范如芹（1984-），女，山东临沂人，博士，助理研究员，主要研究方向为无土栽培基质调控。（Tel）025-84390787；（E-mail）fanruqin2007@126.com。罗佳为共同第一作者。 通讯作者：张振华，（E-mail）zhenhuaz70@hotmail.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2015-08-31