[1]李亚楠,聂军军,战丽杰,等.早打顶对棉花集中成熟的影响机制[J].江苏农业学报,2025,(05):840-847.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2025.05.002]
　LI Yanan,NIE Junjun,ZHAN Lijie,et al.Influencing mechanism of early topping on the concentrated maturation of cotton[J].,2025,(05):840-847.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2025.05.002]
点击复制

早打顶对棉花集中成熟的影响机制()
分享到：

江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2025年05期
页码:
840-847
栏目:
遗传育种·生理生化
出版日期:
2025-05-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Influencing mechanism of early topping on the concentrated maturation of cotton
作者:
李亚楠1; 聂军军2; 战丽杰2; 徐士振2; 李振怀2; 张艳军2; 代建龙2; 崔正鹏2
(1.河北农业大学农学院,河北保定071001；2.山东省农业科学院经济作物研究所,山东济南250100)
Author(s):
LI Yanan1; NIE Junjun2; ZHAN Lijie2; XU Shizhen2; LI Zhenhuai2; ZHANG Yanjun2; DAI Jianlong2; CUI Zhengpeng2
(1.College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China;2.Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China)
关键词:
棉花; 早打顶; 产量形成; 集中成熟; 集中吐絮
Keywords:
cotton; early topping; yield formation; concentrated maturity; concentrated boll opening
分类号:
S562
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2025.05.002
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
集中成熟是棉花机械收获的基础。为探索棉花集中成熟的新途径,本研究于2022和2023年以K836为试验材料,设置早打顶(初花期)处理和常规打顶(盛花期)对照(CK),比较分析不同打顶时间对棉花株型、棉铃时空分布、干物质积累与分配、产量与品质和集中成熟的影响。结果表明,早打顶不影响籽棉产量和纤维品质。与CK相比,早打顶处理铃重和生物产量分别降低9.1%和24.0%,铃密度和收获指数分别提高11.6%和33.2%；早打顶处理果枝数减少40.5%,盛花期、盛铃期和吐絮期的叶面积指数和干物质积累量大幅度降低,但早打顶处理的节枝比较CK提高59.3%,盛花期、盛铃期和吐絮期光合产物向棉铃的分配比例分别提高10.6%、29.2%和32.7%。早打顶处理见絮后42 d吐絮率达92.8%,显著高于CK的63.8%；早打顶处理吐絮率达到95.0%所需时间比CK缩短10 d。因此,本试验条件下初花期打顶能在维持棉花产量和品质稳定的基础上,促进棉花的集中成熟。本研究结果为棉花集中成熟调控提供了新途径。
Abstract:
Concentrated maturation is essential for the mechanized harvesting of cotton. To explore new approaches for achieving concentrated maturation in cotton, experiments were conducted using a commercial cotton cultivar K836 as the testing material in 2022 and 2023, with the two treatments such as early topping at early flowering stage and conventional topping at peak flowering stage (CK). The effects of different topping times on plant architecture, spatial and temporal distribution of cotton bolls, dry matter accumulation and partitioning, yield and quality, and concentrated maturation were compared. The results showed that early topping had no significant impact on seed cotton yield and fiber quality compared to conventional topping. Compared with CK, the cotton boll weight and biological yield of early topping treatment decreased by 9.1% and 24.0%, respectively, and the cotton boll density and harvest index increased by 11.6% and 33.2%, respectively. The number of fruit branches in early topping treatment decreased by 40.5%, the leaf area index and dry matter accumulation in peak flowering stage, peak boll-setting stage and boll opening stage decreased significantly, but the node-branch ratio increased by 59.3%. Compared with CK, partition ratios of photosynthetic products to cotton bolls in peak flowering stage, peak boll-setting stage and boll opening stage increased by 10.6%, 29.2% and 32.7%, respectively. The boll-opening rate at 42 d after initial boll opening in early topping treatment was 92.8%, which was significantly higher than that of CK (63.8%). The time required for the boll opening rate to reach 95.0% in early topping treatment was ten days shorter than that of CK. Therefore, under the conditions of this experiment, topping at the early flowering stage could promote the concentrated maturation of cotton on the basis of maintaining the stability of cotton yield and quality. This study provides a new path for the regulation of cotton concentrated maturation.

参考文献/References:

[1]中国农业科学院棉花研究所. 中国棉花栽培学[M]. 上海:上海科学技术出版社,1983：52-66.
[2]张冬梅,张艳军,李存东,等. 论棉花轻简化栽培[J]. 棉花学报,2019,31(2):163-168.
[3]聂军军,代建龙,杜明伟,等. 我国现代植棉理论与技术的新发展:棉花集中成熟栽培[J]. 中国农业科学,2021,54(20):4286-4298.
[4]董合忠,毛树春,张旺锋,等. 棉花优化成铃栽培理论及其新发展[J]. 中国农业科学,2014,47(3):441-451.
[5]NIE J J, SUN L, ZHAN L J, et al. Terminal removal at first square enhances vegetative branching to increase seedcotton yield at low plant density[J]. Field Crops Research,2023,302:109096.
[6]蒋从军,沙红,孔杰,等. 枣棉间作棉花打顶时间对其产量和品质的影响[J]. 棉花科学,2012,34(2):7-9.
[7]张祥,张丽,王书红,等. 棉花源库调节对铃叶光合产物运输分配的影响[J]. 作物学报,2007,33(5):843-848.
[8]熊路,李雄峰,雷志祥,等. 打顶时间对江汉平原油后直播棉成铃分布及产量和品质的影响[J]. 棉花科学,2022,44(3):16-20,30.
[9]KITTOCK D L, FRY K E. Effects of topping Pima cotton on lint yield and boll retention1[J]. Agronomy Journal,1977,69(1):65-67.
[10]ZHAO W Q, YAN Q, YANG H K, et al. Effects of mepiquat chloride on yield and main properties of cottonseed under different plant densities[J]. Journal of Cotton Research,2019,2:10.
[11]DAI J L, LUO Z, LI W J, et al. A simplified pruning method for profitable cotton production in the Yellow river valley of China[J]. Field Crops Research,2014,164:22-29.
[12]彭强吉,胡斌,罗昕,等. 不同打顶时间和高度对北疆高产棉花产量的影响[J]. 中国棉花,2012,39(5):23-25.
[13]DAI J L, TIAN L W, ZHANG Y J, et al. Plant topping effects on growth,yield,and earliness of field-grown cotton as mediated by plant density and ecological conditions[J]. Field Crops Research,2022,275:108337.
[14]马辉,戴路,田立文,等. 阿克苏地区打顶时间和化控量及叶面喷硼量对棉花产量的影响[J]. 棉花科学,2018,40(2):29-33.
[15]于宁,李国君,沙帅帅. 不同打顶时间对棉花农艺性状和纤维长度的影响[J]. 新疆农垦科技,2019,42(6):16-17.
[16]戴翠荣,王献礼,练文明,等. 阿拉尔垦区打顶时间对棉花产量和纤维品质的影响[J]. 新疆农垦科技,2020,43(12):8-10.
[17]贺美球,蔡利华,练文明,等. 打顶时间对一膜三行等行距密植机采棉的影响[J]. 中国棉花,2021,48(3):33-35,46.
[18]胡群,马建江. 雹灾后不同打顶时间对棉花产量和品质的影响[J]. 新疆农垦科技,2017,40(4):8-9.
[19]杨成勋,张旺锋,徐守振,等. 喷施化学打顶剂对棉花冠层结构及群体光合生产的影响[J]. 中国农业科学,2016,49(9):1672-1684.
[20]CHEN Y Z, KONG X Q, DONG H Z. Removal of early fruiting branches impacts leaf senescence and yield by altering the sink/source ratio of field-grown cotton[J]. Field Crops Research,2018,216:10-21.
[21]DAI J L, LI W J, TANG W, et al. Manipulation of dry matter accumulation and partitioning with plant density in relation to yield stability of cotton under intensive management[J]. Field Crops Research,2015,180:207-215.
[22]NIE J J, LI Z H, ZHANG Y J, et al. Plant pruning affects photosynthesis and photoassimilate partitioning in relation to the yield formation of field-grown cotton[J]. Industrial Crops and Products,2021,173:114087.
[23]XING F F, HAN Y C, FENG L, et al. Genotypic variation in spatiotemporal distribution of canopy light interception in relation to yield formation in cotton[J]. Journal of Cotton Research,2018,1:13.
[24]NIE J J, QIN D L, MAO L L, et al. Genotypic variance in 13C-photosynthate partitioning and within-plant boll distribution in cotton[J]. Journal of Cotton Research,2020,3:15.
[25]JENKINS J N, MCCARTY J C, PARROTT W L. Fruiting efficiency in cotton:boll size and boll set percentage[J]. Crop Science,1990,30(4):857-860.
[26]柳洪鹃,史春余,柴沙沙. 不同产量水平甘薯品种光合产物分配差异及其原因[J]. 作物学报,2015,41(3):440-447.
[27]陈冠文. 超高产棉田产量结构与棉铃空间分布特征[J]. 中国棉花,2005,32(增刊1):21-24.
[28]韩焕勇,王方永,陈兵,等. 灌水量对北疆棉花增效缩节胺化学封顶效应的影响[J]. 棉花学报,2017,29(1):70-78.
[29]DE ALMEIDA A Q, ROSOLEM C A. Cotton root and shoot growth as affected by application of mepiquat chloride to cotton seeds[J]. Acta Scientiarum-Agronomy,2012,34(1):61-65.
[30]李海鹏. 打顶时间和乙烯利浓度对晚播高密棉田熟相调控及其效应[D]. 保定:河北农业大学,2022.

相似文献/References:

[1]赵亮,狄佳春,陈旭升.棉花基因组数据库中ＣＰＳ＆ＫＳ 基因的查找与分析[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(01):27.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.01.004 ]
　ZHAO Liang,DI Jia-chun,CEHN Xu-sheng.Analysis of ent-copalyl diphosphate aynthase and ent-kaurene synthase (CPS&KS) gene family in cotton genome databases[J].,2016,(05):27.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.01.004 ]
[2]赵君,刘剑光,吴巧娟,等.棉花种质种仁含油量测定及其遗传多样性分析[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(05):975.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.05.006]
　ZHAO Jun,LIU Jian-guang,WU Qiao-juan,et al.Kernel oil content and genetic diversity of upland cotton germplasm[J].,2015,(05):975.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.05.006]
[3]杨长琴,刘瑞显,张国伟,等.花铃期干旱对棉纤维素累积及纤维比强度的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(06):1218.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.06.005]
　YANG Chang-qin,LIU Rui-xian,ZHANG Guo-wei,et al.Cellulose accumulation and fiber strength affected by drought during flowering and bolling stage in cotton[J].,2015,(05):1218.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.06.005]
[4]杨长琴,刘瑞显,张国伟,等.花铃期渍水对棉铃对位叶光合速率、物质累积及产量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(04):732.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.04.004]
　YANG Chang-qin,LIU Rui-xian,ZHANG Guo-wei,et al.Photosynthesis of subtending leaves of bolls, dry matter accumulation and cotton yield in response to waterlogging during flowering and boll-forming stage[J].,2015,(05):732.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.04.004]
[5]刘雅辉,王秀萍,鲁雪林,等.棉花耐盐相关序列扩增多态性（SRAP）分子标记筛选[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(03):484.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.03.003]
　LIU Ya-hui,WANG Xiu-ping,LU Xue-lin,et al.Selection of sequence-related amplified polymorphism molecular marker associated with salt tolerance of cotton[J].,2015,(05):484.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.03.003]
[6]王为,叶泗洪,潘宗瑾,等.棉花分子标记冗余性检测与评价的方法[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(02):247.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.02.004]
　WANG Wei,YE Si-hong,PAN Zong-jin,et al.An approach to detecting and evaluating molecular marker redundancy in cotton[J].,2015,(05):247.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.02.004]
[7]郭琪,徐珍珍,黄芳,等.棉花HKT基因家族的全基因组分析[J].江苏农业学报,2017,(05):975.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.05.003]
　GUO Qi,XU Zhen-zhen,HUANG Fang,et al.Genome-wide analysis of high-affinity potassium transporter gene family in cotton[J].,2017,(05):975.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.05.003]
[8]黄芳,徐珍珍,孟珊,等.盐胁迫下棉花LTR-反转座子的转录激活及在耐盐相关基因发掘中的应用[J].江苏农业学报,2017,(06):1220.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.06.004]
　HUANG Fang,XU Zhen-zhen,MENG Shan,et al.The identification of long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTR-RTs) with transcription activity under salt stress and its application in screening the candidate genes related to salt-tolerant in cotton[J].,2017,(05):1220.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.06.004]
[9]徐剑文,孔杰,赵君,等.盐胁迫下棉花萌发、成苗和产量相关性状的QTL定位[J].江苏农业学报,2018,(05):972.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2018.05.002]
　XU Jian-wen,KONG-Jie,ZHAO Jun,et al.Identification of QTLs conferring the traits related to germination, seedling survival and production of cotton under salt stress[J].,2018,(05):972.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2018.05.002]
[10]韦陈华,邓国强,颜超,等.高密度重化控技术对小麦后直播棉花成铃时空分布的调控[J].江苏农业学报,2018,(05):1022.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2018.05.008]
　WEI Chen-hua,DENG Guo-qiang,YAN Chao,et al.Impact of high planting density with heavy chemical regulation technique on boll spatio-temporal distribution of cotton under direct seeding modes after wheat harvested[J].,2018,(05):1022.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2018.05.008]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2024-10-11基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(32372229)；国家棉花产业技术体系项目(CARS-15-15)作者简介：李亚楠(2001-),女,山西吕梁人,硕士研究生,研究方向为作物栽培学与耕作学。(Tel)0531-66655039;(E-mail)lyn08182021@163.com通讯作者：董合忠,(Tel)0531-66659255，(E-mail)donghezhong@163.com；聂军军,(Tel)0531-66655039，(E-mail)niejunjun521@126.com；孙红春,(Tel)0312-758411，(E-mail)sunhongchun@126.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2025-06-24