[1]张美娜,吕晓兰,雷哓晖.可移植的对靶喷雾控制系统设计与试验[J].江苏农业学报,2017,(05):1182-1187.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.05.034]
　ZHANG Mei-na,LYU Xiao-lan,LEI Xiao-hui.Design and testing on a transplantable target spraying control system for the spraying machine[J].,2017,(05):1182-1187.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.05.034]
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可移植的对靶喷雾控制系统设计与试验()
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江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2017年05期
页码:
1182-1187
栏目:
农业工程
出版日期:
2017-10-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Design and testing on a transplantable target spraying control system for the spraying machine
作者:
张美娜; 吕晓兰; 雷哓晖
（江苏省农业科学院农业设施与装备研究所，江苏南京210014）
Author(s):
ZHANG Mei-na; LYU Xiao-lan; LEI Xiao-hui
(Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment，Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014，China)
关键词:
果园; 喷雾机; 对靶喷雾; 精准施药
Keywords:
orchard; spraying machine; target spraying; precision spraying
分类号:
S491
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2017.05.034
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为解决果园传统风送喷雾机连续喷雾在果树间空隙引起无效喷雾的缺点，本研究设计了一种可移植的对靶喷雾控制系统，该系统采用3个单激光传感器探测靶标，PLC控制器依据传感器信号的逻辑运算控制相应的电磁阀通断，实现对靶喷雾、间隙不喷雾的功能。由于激光传感器光束较细，树冠内空洞和枝叶间空隙会导致单点对靶喷雾系统中电磁阀频繁开启，为此，本研究提出线性对靶喷雾控制方法。同时，在喷雾系统延时时间基础上引入提前延后时间，保证雾滴完全覆盖靶标。以主干形靶标为探测对象，以3WGF-300C型果园风送喷雾机为搭载平台进行试验，靶标株距为1.5 m，喷雾压力为 1×105 Pa，喷雾机行驶速度为0.48 m/s时，试验结果表明，相对连续喷雾作业方式，单点对靶喷雾作业方式能够节省55%的喷雾量，线性对靶喷雾作业方式能够节省37%的喷雾量；单点对靶喷雾作业上、中、下区域电磁阀分别平均通断44次、57次与40次，线性对靶喷雾作业各电磁阀平均通断20次。综合考虑系统喷雾量和系统稳定性，线性对靶喷雾作业方式在节约37%用药量的前提下大大减少了电磁阀的通断次数，能够降低系统故障率。
Abstract:
Spraying continually is the traditional working mode of spraying machine in orchard. Spraying in the gap leads to pesticides waste and environment pollution especially for the small trees or the sparse trees. This study designed a transplantable target spraying control system, including three DT35 laser sensors, a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), a touch panel and six solenoid valves. The function of the system was spraying on the target and stopping spraying in the gap. The thinner laser beam would lead the solenoid valves open many times during the working process. So a linear target spraying control method was propoesd to avoid the disadvantage of the laser sensor. Meanwhile, an ahead or delay time was bringed base on the delay time of the spraying system in order to make the target be covered completely by the droplets.The prototype was a 3WGF-300C air-assisted spraying machine fixed on the target spraying control system. Taking the central leader training trees as the target, the test was implemented in the condition of orchard trees distance was 1.5 m, spraying pressure was 1×105 Pa and velocity of spraying machine was 0.48 m/s. Compared with the continual spraying mode, point to point spraying mode saved 55% pesticides and linear spraying mode saved 37% pesticides. The switching number of the solenoid valves was respectively 44 times(upside), 57 times(middle part) and 40 times（bottom）in the point to point spraying mode,while, the switching number of the solenoid valves were all 20 times from top to bottom in the linear spraying mode. Considering the volume of spray and the system stability, linear spraying mode decreased the switching times of solenoid valves greatly when the dosage of pesticide was cut down by 37%, it is benefit for decreasing failure rate.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2017-04-25 基金项目：江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(15)1023]；国家梨产业技术体系机械岗位项目(CARS-29-18)；江苏省农业科学院基本科研业务费专项[ZX(16)3006] 作者简介：张美娜（1986-），女，内蒙古通辽人，博士，助理研究员，主要从事精准变量施药控制系统研究。（E-mail）zmnll22@163.com 通讯作者：吕晓兰，（E-mail）lxlanny@126.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2017-11-03