[1]张霞,潘孝青,李健,等.兔粪与中药渣低碳氮比堆肥理化性质变化特征[J].江苏农业学报,2020,(06):1459-1467.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2020.06.015]
 ZHANG Xia,PAN Xiao-qing,LI Jian,et al.Variation characteristics of physical and chemical properties of compost during composting process of rabbit manure and traditional Chinese medicine residue at low carbon/nitrogen ratios[J].,2020,(06):1459-1467.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2020.06.015]
点击复制

兔粪与中药渣低碳氮比堆肥理化性质变化特征()
分享到:

江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2020年06期
页码:
1459-1467
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2020-12-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Variation characteristics of physical and chemical properties of compost during composting process of rabbit manure and traditional Chinese medicine residue at low carbon/nitrogen ratios
作者:
张霞潘孝青李健邵乐秦枫顾洪如翟频杨杰
(江苏省农业科学院畜牧研究所/农业农村部种养结合重点实验室,江苏南京210014)
Author(s):
ZHANG XiaPAN Xiao-qingLI JianSHAO LeQIN FengGU Hong-ruZHAI PinYANG Jie
(Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop and Livestock Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China)
关键词:
兔粪中药渣好氧堆肥C/N理化性质
Keywords:
rabbit manureChinese medicine residueaerobic compostingcarbon/nitrogen ratiophysical and chemical properties
分类号:
X713
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2020.06.015
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为了提高兔粪有机肥生产和资源化利用效率,针对兔粪与中药渣高温发酵过程,研究兔粪堆肥过程中理化性质等的变化特征。结果表明,在低C/N条件下,堆制期间的堆肥温度在堆制2~34 d持续保持在60~70 ℃,堆制34 d,堆肥含水量降至44%,氮、磷、钾总养分含量上升至85.26 g/kg,有机质含量下降至42.00%,均达到NY/T 3442-2019《畜禽粪便堆肥技术规范》的要求;堆肥总腐殖酸含量、富里酸含量及胡敏酸含量总体均表现为降低的趋势;堆肥pH值整体呈现先升高后降低的趋势,堆制34 d,pH值为9.28,呈碱性,高于NY/T 3442-2019《畜禽粪便堆肥技术规范》的要求。本研究采用萝卜种子发芽指数来确定堆肥的腐熟情况,结果显示,在本试验条件下,兔粪堆制24 d已经达到堆肥腐熟的要求。此外,研究结果显示,堆制34 d,堆肥的Cr、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Pb、Hg含量均低于NY/T 3442-2019《畜禽粪便堆肥技术规范》与NY 525-2012《有机肥料》规定的限量标准。从重金属含量角度分析可知,兔粪有机肥是较为安全的有机肥。
Abstract:
In order to improve the production and utilization efficiency of rabbit manure, rabbit manure and traditional Chinese medical residue were used as materials during hightemperature composting. The variation characteristics of physical and chemical properties of rabbit manure were studied. At low carbon/nitrogen ratios, during the composting period, the water content of compost decreased to 44%, the total nutrient contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium increased to 85.26 g/kg, and the organic matter content decreased to 42.00%, all these properties met the requirements of the (NY/T 3442-2019). The total humic acids content, fulvic acid content and humic acid content showed a decreasing trend. The pH value of the compost increased first and then decreased. After 34 days of composting, the pH value was 9.28, which was alkaline and higher than that required by the technical specification for animal manure composting (NY/T 3442-2019).The germination index of radish seed was used to determine the maturity of compost, and it was considered that the rabbit manure composting for 24 days had reached the requirements of compost maturity. Contents of Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb and Hg were all lower than the limit standards specified in (NY/T 3442-2019) and (NY 525-2012). Rabbit manure fertilizer is a safe organic fertilizer.

参考文献/References:

[1]段恩泽,麻剑雄,常楚晨,等. 兔粪的物理化学性质与发酵有机肥利用[J].中国养兔,2018(6):36-39.
[2]张作祥. 陇西县兔粪综合利用现状及处理方法[J]. 甘肃畜牧兽医,2018,48(3):33-34.
[3]陈丽娜,张晓芳,赵全利,等. 保定市郊养殖场畜禽粪中重金属含量调查分析[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(5):357-362.
[4]中华人民共和国农业农村部. 畜禽粪便堆肥技术规范:NY/T3442-2019[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2019.
[5]中华人民共和国农业部. 有机肥料:NY 525-2012[S]. 北京:中国农业出版社,2012.
[6]姜新有,王晓东,周江明,等. 初始pH值对畜禽粪便和菌渣混合高温堆肥的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(9): 1595-1602.
[7]李灵章,刘卓成,余雨泽,等. 农作物秸秆与畜禽粪便组合的好氧堆肥理化性状研究[J]. 草原与草坪, 2019,39(6):49-57.
[8]李帆,朱宏斌,郭熙盛,等. 畜禽粪便高温堆肥过程中氨挥发的机理及控制[J].安徽农业科学, 2008,36(25): 10996-10997.
[9]吴晓东,邢泽炳,何远灵,等. 添加生物炭对鸡粪好氧堆肥过程中养分转化的研究[J].中国土壤与肥料,2019(5):141-146.
[10]BERNAL M P, ALBURQUERQUE J A, MORAL R. Composting of animal manures and chemical criteria for compost maturity assessment. A review[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2009, 100(22):5444-5453.
[11]YUAN J, CHADWICK D, ZHANG D F, et al. Effects of aeration rate on maturity and gaseous emissions during sewage sludge composting[J].Waste Management, 2016,56:403-410.
[12]聂二旗,郑国砥,高定,等. 适量通风显著降低鸡粪好氧堆肥过程中氮素损失[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 2019,25(10): 1773-1780.
[13]黄健,肖建中,唐世刚,等. 添加蒙脱石对猪粪好氧堆肥腐熟度和重金属钝化的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2020,32(1):141-148.
[14]邵淼,杨淑英,张增强,等. 不同处理对高含水率奶牛粪便好氧堆肥的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2010,29(5):982-989.
[15]栾润宇,高珊,徐应明,等. 不同钝化剂对鸡粪堆肥重金属钝化效果及其腐熟度指标的影响[J].环境科学,2020,41(1): 469-478.
[16]荆红俊,杨硕,曹平,等. 不同堆积高度的羊粪堆肥效果的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2017,38 (11): 41-46.
[17]宋春,徐锋,赵伟,等. 羊粪-玉米秸秆高温堆肥优化配比研究[J].四川农业大学学报,2018, 36(2):138-144.
[18]李霞,严永路,尹崧,等. 鸭粪与芦苇皮、水草高温好氧堆肥试验研究[J].农业环境科学学报, 2012,31(3):620-625.
[19]文斌,郭小林,傅祥超,等. 三种菌剂在兔粪菌渣高温堆肥中的应用效果研究[J].草业与畜牧, 2016(2):43-51.
[20]李阜棣,胡正嘉. 微生物学[M].5版. 北京:中国农业出版社,2000:235.
[21]秦莉,沈玉君,李国学,等. 不同C/N比堆肥碳素物质变化规律研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2010,29(7):1388-1393.
[22]BUSTAMANTE M A, PAREDES C, MARHUENDA-EGEA F C, et al. Co-composting of distillery wastes with animal manures: carbon and nitrogen transformations in the evaluation of compost stability[J]. Chemosphere,2008,72(4):551-557.
[23]秦莉,沈玉君,李国学,等. 不同C/N比对堆肥腐熟度和含氮气体排放变化的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2009,28(12): 2668-2673.
[24]韩战强,刘石,张红超,等. 规模化羊场粪便自然堆肥发酵技术[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2018(8):55-56.
[25]代黎,全学军,项锦欣,等. 山羊粪污颗粒静态好氧堆肥过程的生物强化[J].环境工程学报,2014, 8(11):4931-4936.
[26]谢雪芳. 注意“冷热”特性巧施畜禽粪肥[J].科学种养,2009(4):61.
[27]尹瑞,张鹤,邱慧珍. 不同碳氮比牛粪玉米秸秆堆肥的碳素转化规律[J].甘肃农业大学学报, 2019,54(5):68-78.
[28]姜继韶,黄懿梅,黄华,等. 猪粪秸秆高温堆肥过程中碳氮转化特征与堆肥周期探讨[J].环境科学学报,2011, 31(11):2511-2517.
[29]INBAR Y, CHEN Y, HADAR Y. Humic substances form during the composting of organic matter[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1990, 54:1316-1324.
[30]李吉进, 郝晋珉, 邹国元, 等. 高温堆肥碳氮循环及腐殖质变化特征研究[J].生态环境, 2004,13(3):332-334.
[31]张霞,李晟,顾洪如,等. 不同猪发酵床垫料内腐殖质变化特性研究[J].农业环境科学学报, 2015,34(11):2215-2221.
[32]张雪英. 江苏地区城市污泥的基本性质及其强制通风堆肥技术研究[D]. 南京:南京农业大学,2001.
[33]马怀良,陈欢,龚振杰. 不同初始C/N比对高温堆肥效果的影响[J].牡丹江师范学院学报(自然科学版),2008(2):7-8.
[34]马怀良,许修宏. 不同C/N比对堆肥腐殖酸的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2009(6):64-66,73.
[35]国家市场监督管理总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会. 农用污泥污染物控制标准:GB 4284-2018[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2018.
[36]丁丽军,韦芊含,袁华根,等. 泰州地区畜禽粪便中重金属含量调查[J].畜牧与兽医,2019, 51(12):34-39.
[37]叶雪珠,肖文丹,赵首萍,等. 浙江省商品有机肥中重金属含量变化趋势及风险管控对策[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2020,26(5):954-965.
[38]袁凯,熊苏雅,梁静,等. 畜禽粪便中铜和锌污染现状及风险分析[J/OL]. 农业环境科学学报,2020
[2020-05-01]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/12.1347.S.20200417.0940.002.html.
[39]韩相龙,吴薇,赵鹏博,等.不同碳氮比对烟梗与牛粪堆肥过程的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学,2019,47(16):303-307.
[40]王海候,何胥,金梅娟,等.新型炭基辅料在堆肥工程中的应用效果[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(11):243-247.

相似文献/References:

[1]徐刚,高文瑞,王虹,等.不同初始pH值及覆盖材料对中药渣堆肥效果的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(06):1330.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.06.021]
 XU Gang,GAO Wen-rui,WANG Hong,et al.Effect of initial pH values and covering plastic films on herbal residues composting 〖WT5BZ〗XU Gang,GAO Wen-rui,WANG Hong,LI De-cui,SUN Yan-jun,HAN Bing,SHI Long-yan[J].,2015,(06):1330.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.06.021]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期:2020-05-22基金项目:江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(18)2001];国家兔产业技术体系——南京综合试验站项目(CARS-43-G-2)作者简介:张霞(1976-),河南新乡人,博士,副研究员,主要从事畜禽粪便综合利用研究。(E-mail)583765990@qq.com通讯作者:杨杰,(E-mail)598320394@qq.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2021-01-15