[1]马世波,孟凡涛,王纪亭,等.农药的毒性效应及其对水生生物影响的研究进展[J].江苏农业学报,2026,42(02):420-432.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2026.02.021]
　MA Shibo,MENG Fantao,WANG Jiting,et al.Research progress on the toxicity effects of pesticides and the impact on aquatic life[J].,2026,42(02):420-432.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2026.02.021]
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农药的毒性效应及其对水生生物影响的研究进展()

江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
42
期数:
2026年02期
页码:
420-432
栏目:
综述
出版日期:
2026-02-28

文章信息/Info

Title:
Research progress on the toxicity effects of pesticides and the impact on aquatic life
作者:
马世波; 孟凡涛; 王纪亭; 李若铭
(山东农业大学动物科技学院,山东泰安271000)
Author(s):
MA Shibo; MENG Fantao; WANG Jiting; LI Ruoming
(College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271000, China)
关键词:
农药; 残留现状; 毒性效应; 水生生物; 环境风险
Keywords:
pesticide; residual status; toxic effects; aquatic organisms; environmental risks
分类号:
X592; X171.5
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2026.02.021
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
施用农药是现代农业中防治农林业病虫草害、保障粮食生产安全的重要手段。然而,大量未被植物吸收利用的农药通过雨水冲刷、大气湿沉降、地表径流等途径进入水生生态系统,对水生生态系统的稳定性构成潜在威胁。本研究以农药的施用与残留现状为切入点,围绕农药诱发的生物体氧化应激、神经功能紊乱、内分泌系统失控、肠道微生物群落结构破坏等毒性作用机制,聚焦急性毒性、免疫应答、遗传与发育、神经功能及行为和激素调节等方面,多维度概述农药对藻类、水生无脊椎动物和鱼类等水生生物毒性效应的研究进展,并展望了未来农药研究的发展方向和重点领域,旨在为农药的生态风险评估和环境安全管理提供理论依据,减少农药对水生生物及生态环境的潜在风险。
Abstract:
Pesticide application is an important means to control agricultural and forestry diseases, pests and weeds in modern agriculture and ensure the safety of grain production. However, a large number of pesticides that are not absorbed and utilized by plants enter the aquatic ecosystem through rainwater scouring, atmospheric wet deposition, surface runoff and other ways, posing a potential threat to the stability of the aquatic ecosystem. In this study, the application and residue status of pesticides were taken as the starting point, and the toxic mechanisms of oxidative stress, neurological dysfunction, endocrine system dysregulation, and intestinal microbial community structure destruction induced by pesticides were centered on. The acute toxicity, immune response, genetics and development, neurological function and behavior, and hormone regulation were focused on. The research progresses of toxic effects of pesticides on aquatic organisms such as algae, aquatic invertebrates, and fishes were summarized in multiple dimensions, and the development direction and key areas of pesticide research in the future were prospected. The purpose of this study is to provide a theoretical basis for ecological risk assessment and environmental safety management of pesticides, and to reduce the potential risks of pesticides to aquatic organisms and the ecological environment.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2025-06-06基金项目：山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GNC106078)作者简介：马世波(2000-),男,山东菏泽人,硕士研究生,主要从事水生动物营养与免疫研究。(E-mail)mashibo106@163.com通讯作者：李若铭,(E-mail)liruoming@sdau.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2026-03-16