[1]王薇薇,沈峰,梅燚,等.炭基肥对辣椒生长及根际土壤细菌群落结构的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2025,(04):692-701.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2025.04.008]
　WANG Weiwei,SHEN Feng,MEI Yi,et al.Effects of biochar-based fertilizer on pepper growth and rhizosphere soil bacterial community structure[J].,2025,(04):692-701.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2025.04.008]
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炭基肥对辣椒生长及根际土壤细菌群落结构的影响()
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江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2025年04期
页码:
692-701
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2025-04-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of biochar-based fertilizer on pepper growth and rhizosphere soil bacterial community structure
作者:
王薇薇; 沈峰; 梅燚; 吴永成; 郑佳秋; 张丽娜; 冯汝超; 祖艳侠; 刘哲
(江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所,江苏盐城224002)
Author(s):
WANG Weiwei; SHEN Feng; MEI Yi; WU Yongcheng; ZHENG Jiaqiu; ZHANG Lina; FENG Ruchao; ZU Yanxia; LIU Zhe
(Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yancheng 224002, China)
关键词:
炭基肥; 养分吸收与分配; 土壤理化性质; 土壤细菌群落结构
Keywords:
biochar-based fertilizer; nutrient absorption and partition; soil physicochemical properties; soil bacterial community structure
分类号:
S633.4
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2025.04.008
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为明确炭基肥对辣椒生长发育、养分吸收、土壤理化性质及微生物群落结构的影响,本研究采用盆栽试验,设置不施肥对照(CK)和施用等量氮素的N、P2O5、K2O含量分别为15%、15%、15%的复合肥(HF)，N、P2O5、K2O含量分别为15%、15%、15%的炭基肥1(TF1)，N、P2O5、K2O含量分别为15%、10%、10%的炭基肥2(TF2)，N、P2O5、K2O含量分别为10%、10%、10%的炭基肥3(TF3)等处理,分析生物炭与化肥按不同配比制备的炭基肥替代化肥对辣椒生长和根际土壤质量的影响。结果表明,与HF处理相比,TF1～TF3处理辣椒茎粗、单株根系干重、单株干果重和果实干物质分配比例均有所增加。TF1～TF3处理土壤全氮含量显著高于HF处理和CK。与HF处理相比，TF1～TF3处理果实对氮、磷、钾等营养元素的吸收量及分配比例均呈增加趋势。 TF1～TF3处理下辣椒根际土壤细菌的Richness指数、Chao1指数、Ace指数、Shannon指数总体显著高于HF处理。不同施肥处理土壤细菌群落的优势菌门为酸杆菌门、变形菌门及芽单胞菌门,累计相对丰度为74.69%～82.46%。TF1、TF3和HF处理酸杆菌门细菌的相对丰度显著低于CK；TF1～TF3和HF处理的黏菌门细菌的相对丰度显著低于CK；HF处理Methylomirabilota门细菌的相对丰度高于CK和TF1～TF3处理。TF1～TF3处理芽单胞菌门细菌的相对丰度显著高于HF处理和CK。综上,炭基肥的应用不仅可以增强辣椒植株对养分的吸收能力,提高果实中养分的分配比例,还可以优化土壤理化特性,提高土壤微生物多样性,进而提高辣椒果实产量。
Abstract:
In order to clarify the effects of biochar-based fertilizer on pepper growth and development, nutrient absorption, soil physical and chemical properties and microbial community structure, a pot experiment was conducted in this study, with treatments including no fertilization control (CK) and compound fertilizer (HF) with N, P2O5 and K2O contents of 15%, 15% and 15%, biochar-based fertilizer 1 (TF1) with N, P2O5 and K2O contents of 15%, 15% and 15%, biochar-based fertilizer 2 (TF2) with N, P2O5 and K2O contents of 15%, 10% and 10%, biochar-based fertilizer 3 (TF3) with N, P2O5 and K2O contents of 10%, 10% and 10%, respectively. The effects of biochar-based fertilizer prepared by different ratios of biochar and chemical fertilizer on the growth of pepper and the quality of rhizosphere soil were analyzed. The results showed that compared with HF treatment, the stem diameter, root dry matter weight per plant, dry fruit weight per plant and fruit dry matter distribution ratio of pepper treated with TF1-TF3 treatments increased. The soil total nitrogen contents of TF1-TF3 treatments were significantly higher than those of HF treatment and CK. Compared with HF treatment, the absorptive capacity and distribution proportion of nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in fruits treated with TF1-TF3 showed increasing trends. The Richness index, Chao1 index, Ace index and Shannon index of pepper rhizosphere soil bacteria under TF1-TF3 treatments were higher than those under HF treatment. The dominant phyla of soil bacterial community in different fertilization treatments were Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes, and the cumulative relative abundances were 74.69%-82.46%. The relative abundances of Acidobacteria in TF1, TF3 and HF treatments were significantly lower than that in CK. The relative abundances of Myxomycota treated with TF1-TF3 and HF were significantly lower than that of CK. The relative abundance of Methylomirabilota bacteria in HF treatment was higher than those in CK and TF1-TF3 treatments. The relative abundances of Gemmatimonadetes in TF1-TF3 treatment were significantly higher than those in HF treatment and CK. In summary, the application of biochar-based fertilizer can not only enhance the absorption capacity of pepper plants to nutrients, improve the distribution ratio of nutrients in fruits, but can also optimize soil physical and chemical properties, improve soil microbial diversity, and then increase pepper fruit yield.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2025-01-24基金项目：江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(23)3024]；盐城市(农业)重点研发计划项目(YCBN202413)作者简介：王薇薇(1988-),女,江苏盐城人,硕士,助理研究员,主要从事蔬菜栽培和育种工作。(E-mail)754776303@qq.com通讯作者：郑佳秋,(E-mail)110647874@qq.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2025-05-26