[1]刘红江,倪新华,郭智,等.收获前断水天数对优良食味水稻稻米品质的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2023,(02):352-359.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2023.02.007]
　LIU Hong-jiang,NI Xin-hua,GUO Zhi,et al.Effect of water cut off days before harvest on rice quality of good taste rice[J].,2023,(02):352-359.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2023.02.007]
点击复制

收获前断水天数对优良食味水稻稻米品质的影响()
分享到：

江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2023年02期
页码:
352-359
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2023-04-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effect of water cut off days before harvest on rice quality of good taste rice
作者:
刘红江1; 倪新华2; 郭智1; 张丽萍1; 周炜1; 盛婧1; 陈留根1; 张岳芳1
（1.江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室，江苏南京210014；2.江苏省扬中市油坊镇农业服务中心，江苏镇江212218）
Author(s):
LIU Hong-jiang1; NI Xin-hua2; GUO Zhi1; ZHANG Li-ping1; ZHOU Wei1; SHENG Jing1; CHEN Liu-gen1; ZHANG Yue-fang1
(1.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Key Laboratory of Agro-environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China;2.Agricultural Service Center of Youfang Town, Yangzhong City, Zhenjiang 212218, China)
关键词:
优良食味; 水稻; 收获前断水天数; 产量; 稻米品质
Keywords:
good taste; rice; water cut off days before harvest; yield; rice quality
分类号:
S511.07
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2023.02.007
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
以优良食味水稻品种南粳2728为试验材料，于2019年和2020年通过大田小区试验研究了水稻收获前不同断水天数对稻米品质的影响，设置离收获前 27 d (W1)、22 d (W2)、17 d (W3)、12 d (W4)和7 d (W5)断水5个处理。结果表明：提早断水显著降低了水稻收获时稻田土壤、水稻籽粒和植株含水率；提早断水显著降低了水稻产量，其原因是水稻每穗粒数、结实率和千粒质量均明显降低。W4和W5处理水稻产量均较高，且两者差异不大；W4和W5处理同时提高了稻谷整精米率、精米率、糙米率等加工品质。断水天数对米粒大小的影响不大，但适当推迟断水有利于减少稻米垩白。W4处理稻米直链淀粉含量及蛋白质含量均最低，而胶稠度最长，稻米品质较优，稻米RVA谱特征值相关指标以W4处理相对较优，体现稻米食味品质总体特性的综合食味值也以W4处理为最高。综上所述，W4和W5处理水稻产量均较高，但W4处理稻米品质略优于W5处理，因此在水稻收获前应当注意适时断水，不宜过早或过晚。此外，年度间稻米品质的差异不大。
Abstract:
A field experiment was conducted to explore the effects of water cut off days before harvest on rice quality of good taste rice in 2019 and 2020. Five treatments of water cut off 27 d (W1), 22 d (W2), 17 d (W3), 12 d (W4), and 7 d (W5) before harvest were set up in this study. The rice cultivar Nanjing 2728 was chosen. The results showed that early water cut-off significantly reduced the moisture content of paddy soil, rice grain and plant at rice harvest. Early water cut-off significantly decreased rice yield, which was due to the significant decrease of grains number per panicle, seed setting rate, and 1 000-grain weight. The rice yield under W4 and W5 treatment was higher, and there was no significant difference between them. W4 and W5 treatments improved the processing quality of rice, such as perfect head rice rate, head rice rate and brown rice rate. Water cut-off days before harvest had little effect on rice size. However, delaying water cut-off appropriately was beneficial to reduce chalkiness of rice. Rice under W4 treatment had the lowest amylose content and protein content, the longest gel consistency and the best quality. The results showed that the relative indices of RVA starch profile were better in the treatment of W4. The comprehensive taste value reflecting the taste quality characteristics of rice was also the highest in the treatment of W4. All of the above, the yield of rice was higher in the treatments of W4 and W5, but rice quality of W4 treatment was slightly better than that of W5 treatment. Therefore, we should pay attention to timely water cut-off before rice harvest. In addition, there was little difference in rice quality between the years.

参考文献/References:

[1]杨晓龙，程建平，汪本福，等．灌浆期干旱胁迫对水稻生理性状和产量的影响[J]．中国水稻科学，2021, 35(1): 38-46.
[2]罗锡文，廖娟，胡炼，等．提高农业机械化水平促进农业可持续发展[J]．农业工程学报，2016, 32(1): 1-11.
[3]林海，李婷婷，童汉华，等．我国水稻主栽品种演替分析[J]．中国水稻科学，2018, 32(6): 567-571.
[4]HAYASHI S, KAMOSHITA A, YAMAGISHI J, et al. Genotypic differences in grain yield of transplanted and direct-seeded rainfed lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) in northeastern Thailand[J]. Field Crops Research, 2007, 102(1): 9-21.
[5]邢志鹏，朱明，吴培，等．稻麦两熟制条件下钵苗机插方式对不同类型水稻品种米质的影响[J].作物学报，2017, 43(4): 581-595.
[6]郭保卫，朱大伟，朱聪聪，等．有序摆抛栽对粳型超级稻稻米品质的影响[J].作物学报，2015, 41(3): 487-498.
[7]赵庆勇，朱镇，张亚东，等．播期和地点对不同生态类型粳稻稻米品质性状的影响[J].中国水稻科学，2013, 27(3): 297-304.
[8]杨晓娟，唐湘如，闻祥成，等．播种期对早季香稻香气形成、品质及产量的影响[J].华北农学报，2014, 29(3): 128-135.
[9]严凯，蒋玉兰，唐纪元，等．盐碱地条件下施氮量和栽插密度对水稻产量和品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料，2018(2): 67-74.
[10]徐春梅，王丹英，邵国胜，等．施氮量和栽插密度对超高产水稻中早22产量和品质的影响[J].中国水稻科学，2008, 22(5): 507-512.
[11]张庆，郭保卫，胡雅杰，等．不同氮肥水平下优质高产软米粳稻的产量和品质差异[J].中国水稻科学，2021, 35(6): 606-616.
[12]唐健，唐闯，郭保卫，等．氮肥施用量对机插优质晚稻产量和稻米品质的影响[J].作物学报，2020, 46(1): 117-130.
[13]陈梦云，李晓峰，程金秋，等．秸秆全量还田与氮肥运筹对机插优质食味水稻产量及品质的影响[J].作物学报，2017, 43(12): 1802-1816.
[14]WOPEREIS P M M, WATANABE H, MOREIRA J, et al. Effect of late nitrogen application on rice yield, grain quality and profitability in the Senegal river valley[J]. European Journal of Agronomy, 2002, 17: 191-198.
[15]魏晓东，张亚东，宋雪梅，等．硅镁锌肥改善稻米品质的研究进展[J].江苏农业学报，2021, 37(3): 783-788.
[16]刘奇华，吴修，陈博聪，等．灌溉方式对黄淮稻区优质粳米品质的影响[J].应用生态学报，2014, 25(9): 2583-2590.
[17]GRAHAM A S, SIEBENMORGEN T J, REBA M, et al. Impact of alternative irrigation practices on rice quality[J]. Cereal Chemistry, 2019, 96(5): 1-9.
[18]张自常，李鸿伟，陈婷婷，等．畦沟灌溉和干湿交替灌溉对水稻产量与品质的影响[J].中国农业科学，2011, 44(24): 4988-4998.
[19]胡雅杰，钱海军，吴培，等．秸秆还田条件下氮磷钾用量对软米粳稻产量和品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报，2018, 24(3): 817-824.
[20]唐瑞明，龙伶俐，朱之光，等．国家标准--优质稻谷:GB/T 17891-2017[S]. 北京：中国标准出版社，2017.
[21]魏永霞，侯景翔，吴昱，等．旱直播种植对水稻植株水分分布与抗倒伏特性的影响[J].农业机械学报，2019, 50(2): 227-241.
[22]YANG J C, ZHANG J H, WANG Z Q, et al. Activities of enzymes involved in sucrose-to-starch metabolism in rice grains subjected to water stress during filling[J]. Field Crops Research, 2003, 81: 69-81.
[23]刘立军，薛亚光，孙小淋，等．水分管理方式对水稻产量和氮肥利用率的影响[J].中国水稻科学，2009, 23(3): 282-288.
[24]张自常，李鸿伟，曹转勤，等．施氮量和灌溉方式的交互作用对水稻产量和品质影响[J].作物学报，2013, 39(1): 84-92.
[25]TAO H, BRUECK H, DITTERT K, et al. Growth and yield formation for rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the water-saving ground cover rice production system (GCRPS) [J]. Field Crops Research, 2006, 95: 1-12.
[26]刘凯，张耗，张慎凤，等．结实期土壤水分和灌溉方式对水稻产量与品质的影响及其生理原因[J].作物学报，2008, 34(2): 268-276.
[27]LANNING S B, SIEBENMORGEN T J, AMBARDEKAR A A, et al. Effect of nighttime air temperature during kernel development of field-grown rice on physicochemical and functional properties [J]. Cereal Chemistry, 2012, 89(3): 168-175.
[28]PAN S G, CAO C G, CAI M L, et al. Effects of irrigation regime and nitrogen management on grain yield, quality and water productivity in rice[J]. Journal of Food Agriculture and Environment, 2009, 7(2):559-564.
[29]李国生，王志琴，袁莉民，等．结实期土壤水分和氮素营养对水稻产量和品质的交互影响[J].中国水稻科学，2008, 22(2): 161-166.
[30]周婵婵，黄元财，贾宝艳，等．施氮量和灌溉方式的交互作用对东北粳稻稻米品质的影响[J].中国水稻科学，2019, 33(4): 357-367
[31]熊若愚，解嘉鑫，谭雪明，等．不同灌溉方式对南方优质食味晚籼稻产量及品质的影响[J].中国农业科学，2021, 54(7): 1512-1524.
[32]PANDEY A, KUMAR A, PANDEY D S, et al. Rice quality under water stress[J]. Indian Journal of Advances in Plant Research, 2014, 1(2): 23-26.
[33]LIM S J, LEE S K, KIM D U, et al. Varietal variation of amylogram properties and its relationship with other eating quality characteristics in rice[J]. Japanese Journal of Crop Science, 1995, 27(3): 268-275.
[34]王秋菊,李明贤,迟力勇,等．控水灌溉对水稻产量及品质的影响[J].东北农业大学学报, 2009, 40(10): 5-8.
[35]邱峰,景元书. 不同灌溉方式对稻田微气象特征及水稻生长的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学,2022,50(5):72-80.
[36]苗智英,邵光成,房凯,等. 不同水炭处理对水稻抗倒伏能力及产量的影响[J]. 排灌机械工程学报,2021,39(2):193-199.
[37]牛春荟,钱永德,汪秀志,等. 播种量和苗后水分管理对寒地水稻秧苗素质的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学,2022,50(3):110-115.
[38]陈梦婷,杨琳,吴光星,等. 考虑降雨有效利用的水稻灌溉模式的优化[J]. 排灌机械工程学报,2021,39(8):832-837.

相似文献/References:

[1]王士磊,丁正权,黄海祥.水稻隐性早熟突变体ref早熟性的遗传分析和基因定位[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(04):721.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.100-4440.2016.04.001]
　WANG Shi-lei,DING Zheng-quan,HUANG Hai-xiang.Inheritance and gene mapping of recessive earliness in rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J].,2016,(02):721.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.100-4440.2016.04.001]
[2]王在满,郑乐,张明华,等.不同播种方式对直播水稻倒伏指数和根系生长的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(04):725.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.100-4440.2016.04.002]
　WANG Zai-man,ZHENG Le,ZHANG Ming-hua,et al.Effects of seeding manners on lodging index and root growth of directseeded rice[J].,2016,(02):725.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.100-4440.2016.04.002]
[3]易能,薛延丰,石志琦,等.微囊藻毒素对水稻种子萌发和幼苗生长的胁迫作用[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(04):729.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.100-4440.2016.04.003]
　YI Neng,XUE Yan-feng,SHI Zhi-qi,et al.Inhibitory effect of microcystins on seed germination and seedling growth of rice[J].,2016,(02):729.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.100-4440.2016.04.003]
[4]刘凯,王爱民,严国红,等.一个水稻显性矮秆突变体的遗传特性与降株高能力[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(05):968.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.002]
　LIU Kai,WANG Ai-min,YAN Guo-hong,et al.Genetic analysis and plant height reduction of a dominant dwarf mutant of rice[J].,2016,(02):968.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.002]
[5]王红,杨镇,裴文琪,等.功能性微生物制剂对镉胁迫下水稻生长及生理特性的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(05):974.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.003]
　WANG Hong,YANG Zhen,PEI Wen-qi,et al.Growth and physiological characteristics of cadmium-stressed rice influenced by functional microorganism agent[J].,2016,(02):974.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.003]
[6]孙玲,单捷,毛良君,等.基于遥感和Moran's I指数的水稻面积变化空间自相关性研究[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(05):1060.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.017]
　SUN Ling,SHAN Jie,MAO Liang-jun,et al.Spatial autocorrelation of changes in paddy rice area based on remote sensing and Moran’s I index[J].,2016,(02):1060.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.017]
[7]张晓忆,李卫国,景元书,等.多种光谱指标构建决策树的水稻种植面积提取[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(05):1060.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.018]
　ZHANG Xiao-yi,LI Wei-guo,JING Yuan-shu,et al.Extraction of paddy rice area by constructing the decision tree with multiple spectral indices[J].,2016,(02):1060.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.018]
[8]裔传灯,李玮,王德荣,等.水稻GW5基因的1212-bp Indel变异对粒形的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(06):1201.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.06.001]
　YI Chuan-deng,LI Wei,WANG De-rong,et al.Effect of 1212-bp Indel variation of gene GW5 on rice grain shape[J].,2016,(02):1201.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.06.001]
[9]刘红江,陈虞雯,张岳芳,等.不同播栽方式对水稻叶片光合特性及产量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(06):1206.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.06.002]
　LIU Hong-jiang,CHEN Yu-wen,ZHANG Yue-fang,et al.Effects of planting pattern on leaf photosynthetic characteristics and yield of rice[J].,2016,(02):1206.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.06.002]
[10]郭保卫,许轲,魏海燕,等.钵苗机插水稻茎秆的抗倒伏能力[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(06):1280.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.06.014]
　GUO Bao-wei,XU Ke,WEI Hai-yan,et al.Culm lodging resistance characteristics of bowl seedling mechanical-transplanting rice[J].,2016,(02):1280.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.06.014]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2022-05-09 基金项目：江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(20)2002] 作者简介：刘红江(1979-)，男，江苏建湖人，博士，副研究员，主要从事农业生态和稻麦栽培生理生态研究。(E-mail)Liuhongjiang2004@sohu.com 通讯作者：张岳芳，（E-mail）zhangyuefang@china.com.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2023-05-12