[1]赵懿,陈海斌,杜建军,等.不同施肥模式对华南典型红壤菜地肥力与氮肥利用率的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2023,(03):692-698.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2023.03.009]
　ZHAO Yi,CHEN Hai-bin,DU Jian-jun,et al.Effects of different fertilization patterns on red soil fertility and nitrogen use efficiency in typical vegetable fields in South China[J].,2023,(03):692-698.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2023.03.009]
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不同施肥模式对华南典型红壤菜地肥力与氮肥利用率的影响()
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江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2023年03期
页码:
692-698
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2023-06-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of different fertilization patterns on red soil fertility and nitrogen use efficiency in typical vegetable fields in South China
作者:
赵懿1; 陈海斌1; 杜建军1; 施新育1; 张振华2; 范如芹1
（1.仲恺农业工程学院资源与环境学院/广东省农业产地环境污染防控工程技术中心，广东广州510225；2.江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所，江苏盐城224002）
Author(s):
ZHAO Yi1; CHEN Hai-bin1; DU Jian-jun1; SHI Xin-yu1; ZHANG Zhen-hua2; FAN Ru-qin1
(1.College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering/Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control in Agricultural Producing Areas, Guangzhou 510225, China;2.Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Coastal Distric of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng 224002， China)
关键词:
有机肥替代化肥; 红壤; 菜地肥力; 生菜; 氮肥利用率
Keywords:
organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer; red soil; soil fertility of vegetable fields; lettuce; nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate
分类号:
S147
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2023.03.009
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为筛选华南地区典型红壤蔬菜地最佳施肥模式，提升肥料利用率与蔬菜产量，本研究依托典型红壤蔬菜种植区定位试验，设不施肥对照（CK）、常规单施化肥（CF）、测土配方施肥（TF）、有机肥替代15%化肥（MNPK15）、有机肥替代30%化肥（MNPK30）、有机肥替代15%化学氮肥（MN15）和有机肥替代30%化学氮肥（MN30）7个处理，系统研究不同有机无机肥配施模式及有机肥替代化学氮肥替代水平对红壤菜地土壤理化性质、生菜产量及氮肥利用率的影响。经过连续4个生长季的施肥试验，结果表明，与常规单施化肥处理相比，有机肥替代化肥特别是有机肥高比例（30%）替代化肥虽然能有效增加有机质（SOM）、碱解氮含量，但对土壤全氮含量、速效磷含量、速效钾含量的提高作用不明显。各施肥处理之间生菜产量差异不显著，但均显著高于不施肥对照；各施肥处理的氮肥表观利用率（除MNPK30处理）与氮肥农学利用率差异不显著， MNPK15处理氮素土壤依存率最低，显著低于CF和MNPK30处理(P<0.05)。综上所述，有机肥替代15%化肥（MNPK15处理）在提升土壤肥力，保持生菜养分吸收与生菜产量方面具有较大潜力。本研究结果对于改善研究区红壤菜地土壤性状，减少化肥使用量及缓解农业面源污染问题具有一定参考意义。
Abstract:
In order to screen the best fertilization mode in typical vegetable producing area in South China and improve fertilizer utilization rate and vegetable yield, seven fertilization treatments were comparatively studied, including no fertilization control (CK), conventional chemical fertilizer application (CF), soil testing and formula fertilization (TF), organic fertilizer replacing 15% chemical chemical fertilizer (MNPK15), organic fertilizer replacing 30% chemical chemical fertilizer (MNPK30), organic fertilizer replacing 15% nitrogen fertilizer (MN15) and organic fertilizer replacing 30% nitrogen fertilizer (MN30). The effects of different fertilization modes on soil physicochemical properties, lettuce yield and nitrogen use efficiency were systematically studied. The results showed that after continuous vegetable cultivation for four seasons, compared with CF treatment, organic fertilizer replacing treatments, especially the high replacing proportion (30%) treatments effectively increased contents of soil organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, however, the effects on contents of soil total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were not significant. The difference of lettuce yield among fertilization treatments was not significant, but the lettuce yield under six fertilization treatments was significantly higher than that under CK. Except for MNPK30 treatment, there was no significant difference in the apparent nitrogen utilization rate and agronomic nitrogen utilization rate among the fertilization treatments. The nitrogen soil dependency rate under MNPK15 treatment was the lowest, which was significantly lower than that under CF and MNPK30 treatments (P<0.05). In conclusion, organic fertilizer replacing 15% fertilizer treatment (MNPK15 treatment) had great potential in improving soil fertility, maintaining nutrient uptake and yield of lettuce. The results of this study have certain reference significance for improving the red soil properties of vegetable fields, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and alleviating agricultural non-point source pollution in the study area.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2022-12-03 基金项目：广东省重点领域研发计划-精准农业项目（2020B0202080002）；广东省现代农业产业技术体系农业资源环境创新团队项目（2020KJ118）；国家自然科学基金项目（42177299）作者简介：赵懿（1997-），女，云南楚雄人，硕士研究生，主要从事科学施肥和土壤改良方面的研究。（E-mail）zhaoyi12cwj520@163.com 通讯作者：范如芹 ，（E-mail）fanruqin2007@126.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2023-07-11