[1]胡中泽,衣政伟,杨大柳,等.氮肥减施与花生秸秆还田对麦田土壤氨挥发、氮肥利用率及产量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2022,38(06):1492-1499.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2022.06.006]
　HU Zhong-ze,YI Zheng-wei,YANG Da-liu,et al.Effects of nitrogen reduction and peanut straw returning on ammonia volatilization, nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield in wheat field[J].,2022,38(06):1492-1499.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2022.06.006]
点击复制

氮肥减施与花生秸秆还田对麦田土壤氨挥发、氮肥利用率及产量的影响()
分享到：

江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
38
期数:
2022年06期
页码:
1492-1499
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2022-12-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of nitrogen reduction and peanut straw returning on ammonia volatilization, nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield in wheat field
作者:
胡中泽1; 衣政伟1; 杨大柳1; 王安1; 陈留根2; 张岳芳2; 王显1
（1.江苏省农业科学院泰州农业科学研究所，江苏泰州225300；2.江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室，江苏南京210014）
Author(s):
HU Zhong-ze1; YI Zheng-wei1; YANG Da-liu1; WANG An1; CHEN Liu-gen2; ZHANG Yue-fang2; WANG Xian1
（1.Taizhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 225300, China；2.Key Lab of Agro-environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China）
关键词:
氨挥发; 氮肥利用率; 小麦; 产量; 氮肥减施; 秸秆还田
Keywords:
ammonia volatilization; nitrogen use efficiency; wheat; yield; nitrogen reduction; straw returning
分类号:
S512.106.2
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2022.06.006
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
氮肥减施与秸秆还田是现阶段广泛采用的农业措施，但其对农田环境和作物产量的综合影响尚不清楚。通过设置大田试验，研究2种花生秸秆还田方式（秸秆还田、不还田）和4种施氮水平[常规施氮（施氮量为240 kg/hm2）、氮肥减量20%（施氮量为192 kg/hm2）、氮肥减量40%（施氮量为144 kg/hm2）、不施氮肥]对麦田土壤中氨挥发损失、氮肥利用率以及产量的影响。结果表明，麦季主要是在施肥后2 周内监测到明显的氨挥发现象，麦田土壤中氨挥发日通量的峰值均在施肥后的第2 d 出现。在不同处理下，麦季氨总挥发量为10.77～29.79 kg/hm2；与常规施氮处理相比，氮肥减量20%处理使氨总挥发量降低23.60%～24.08%，氮肥减量40%处理使氨总挥发量降低43.24%～44.51%；秸秆还田对氨挥发的影响不大。结果还表明，不同处理的氮肥利用率为29.07%～48.96%，与常规施氮处理相比，氮肥减量20%处理使氮肥利用率降低6.10%～13.73%，氮肥减量40%处理使氮肥利用率降低23.94%～24.20%；与秸秆不还田处理相比，秸秆还田处理使氮肥的平均利用率提高了6.23～10.61个百分点。不同处理的小麦产量为3.49～7.95 t/hm2，且小麦产量随着施氮量的减少而显著降低，但氮肥减量20%并配合秸秆还田处理的产量与秸秆不还田常规施氮量处理间的差异不大，与秸秆不还田处理相比，秸秆还田处理平均增产7.66%。由此可见，合理的氮肥用量及秸秆还田能够兼顾农田环境和作物产量，与秸秆不还田常规施氮处理（240 kg/hm2）相比，秸秆还田并配合麦季化学氮肥减量20%处理可以在获得小麦高产的同时提高氮肥利用率并减少麦田土壤中氨的挥发量。
Abstract:
Nitrogen fertilizer reduction and straw returning are commonly used measures in crop production, but their comprehensive impact on the environment and yield is not clear. A field experiment was conducted in Taizhou, Jiangsu province, to study the effects of two peanut straw returning methods (straw returning and no straw returning) and four nitrogen (N) application levels (conventional N application, 240 kg/hm2; N reduction by 20%, 192 kg/hm2; N reduction by 40%, 144 kg/hm2 and no N application, 0 kg/hm2) on ammonia volatilization loss, nitrogen use efficiency and wheat yield. The results showed that in wheat season, obvious ammonia volatilization was detected within two weeks after fertilization, and the daily flux peak of ammonia volatilization appeared on the second day after fertilization. The total amount of ammonia volatilization loss in different treatments ranged from 10.77 kg/hm2 to 29.79 kg/hm2. Compared with conventional N application treatment, the total amount of ammonia volatilization reduced by 23.60%-24.08% under the treatment of N reduction by 20%, and decreased by 43.24%-44.51% under the treatment of N reduction by 40%. Straw incorporation had little effect on ammonia volatilization. The N use efficiency in different treatments ranged from 29.07% to 48.96%. Compared with the conventional N application treatment, the N use efficiency was reduced by 6.10%-13.73% and 23.94%-24.20% under the treatment of N reduction by 20 % and the treatment of N reduction by 40%, respectively. The wheat yield under different treatments ranged from 3.49 t/hm2 to 7.95 t/hm2. On average, the straw incorporation treatments increased the N use efficiency by 6.23-10.61 percentage points compared with no straw incorporation treatments. Wheat yield decreased significantly with the decrease of N application rate, but there was little difference between the treatment of nitrogen reduction by 20% under straw incorporation and the treatment of conventional N application rate. Compared with no straw incorporation treatment, the wheat yield under straw incorporation treatments increased by 7.66% on average. It can be seen that reasonable amount of N fertilizer and straw incorporation can give consideration to crop yield and farmland environment. Compared with conventional N application (240 kg/hm2) treatment without straw returning, chemical N fertilizer reduction by 20% under straw incorporation can obtain high yield of wheat, improve N use efficiency and reduce ammonia volatilization in wheat field.

参考文献/References:

[1]张福锁,崔振岭,王激清,等.中国土壤和植物养分管理现状与改进策略[J]. 植物学通报，2007,24(6): 687-694．
[2]季诗域,王旭东,石思博,等. 稻秆还田与化肥配施对稻茬麦田土壤肥力和小麦产量的影响[J]. 江苏农业学报, 2020, 36(5): 1181-1188.
[3]毛伟,曾洪玉,李文西,等. 不同土壤肥力下有机氮部分替代化学氮对小麦产量构成及土壤养分的影响[J]. 江苏农业学报, 2020, 36(5): 1189-1196.
[4]TI C P, XIA L L, CHANG S X, et al. Potential for mitigating global agricultural ammonia emission：a meta-analysis[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2019, 245：141-148.
[5]卢丽丽,吴根义. 农田氨排放影响因素研究进展[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2019, 24(1):149-162.
[6]胡中泽,衣政伟,王安,等. 紫云英不同时期还田部分替代化肥对氨挥发及水稻产量的影响[J]. 江苏农业学报, 2021, 37(5): 1160-1166.
[7]山楠,赵同科,毕晓庆,等. 不同施氮水平下小麦田氨挥发规律研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2014, 33(9): 1858-1865.
[8]吕金岭,王小非,李太魁. 不同施肥方式下砂姜黑土冬小麦-夏玉米轮作农田氨挥发特征及排放系数[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2020, 28(12): 1869-1879.
[9]俞巧钢,叶静,符建荣,等. 不同有机物料还田对稻田氨挥发和水稻产量的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2011(4): 908-909, 913.
[10]赵懿,杜建军,张振华,等. 秸秆还田方式对土壤有机质积累与转化影响的研究进展[J]. 江苏农业学报, 2021, 37(6): 1614-1622.
[11]张凯. 华北平原禾豆复种水氮利用与氮转移研究——以小麦-花生复种为例[D]. 北京:中国农业大学, 2017.
[12]ZHANG K, WANG X Q, LI Y Y, et al. Peanut residue incorporation benefits crop yield, nitrogen yield, and water use efficiency of summer peanut-winter wheat systems[J]. Field Crops Research, 2022, 279: 108463.
[13]ZHAO X, ZHOU Y, WANG S Q, et al．Nitrogen balance in a highly fertilized rice-wheat double-cropping system in southern China[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2012, 76: 1068-1078.
[14]刘红梅,庞凤梅,赖欣,等.供氮水平和有机无机配施对麦田土壤氨挥发的影响[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2012, 40(12) : 7119-7122, 7249.
[15]邓美华,尹斌,张绍林,等. 不同施氮量和施氮方式对稻田氨挥发损失的影响[J]. 土壤, 2006, 38（3）：263-269.
[16]王秀斌,周卫,梁国庆,等. 优化施肥条件下华北冬小麦/夏玉米轮作体系的土壤氨挥发[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2009, 15(2): 344-351.
[17]郑凤霞,董树亭,刘鹏,等. 长期有机无机肥配施对冬小麦籽粒产量及氨挥发损失的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 2017, 23(3):567-577.
[18]吕宏菲,马星霞,杨改河,等. 秸秆还田对关中地区麦玉复种体系土壤氨排放的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2020, 28(4): 513-522.
[19]曹兵,李新慧,张琳,等. 冬小麦不同基肥施用方式对土壤氨挥发的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2001, 16(2): 83-86.
[20]胡瞒瞒,董文旭,王文岩,等. 华北平原氮肥周年深施对冬小麦-夏玉米轮作体系土壤氨挥发的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2020, 28(12): 1880-1889.
[21]马畅,吕小红,王宇,等. 滨海稻区不同施氮量下粳稻产量与品质的关系[J].江苏农业科学,2021,49(24):70-75.
[22]陈桂芬,黄雁飞,刘斌,等. 广西稻区不同水稻品种对氮肥施用量的响应差异[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(1):137-144.
[23]顺圣,毛伟,李文西. 有机肥等氮量替代化肥对水稻产量、土壤理化性状及细菌群落的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2021,49(24):90-94.
[24]冯浩原,尹光华,马宁宁,等. 不同降水年型地下滴灌追氮对玉米产量的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2021,39(12):1250-1256.
[25]顾颖慧,刘虹丹,刘文成,等. 硫包衣缓释肥施用方式调控红皮强筋小麦产量、品质及氮效率的特征分析[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(9):2382-2390.
[26]勉有明,苗芳芳,吴鹏年,等. 施氮量对扬黄灌区土壤水分、温度、碳氮及玉米产量的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2021,39(9):950-958.
[27]刘红江,殷跃军,郭智,等. 硝化抑制剂对小麦产量和氮素吸收利用的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2019,38(2):443-449.
[28]王海候,沈明星,陆长婴,等. 不同秸秆还田模式对稻麦两熟农田稻季甲烷和氧化亚氮排放的影响[J]. 江苏农业学报,2014,30(4):758-763.
[29]HUANG S, ZENG Y J, WU J F, et al. Effect of crop residue retention on rice yield in China: a meta-analysis[J]. Field Crops Research,2013, 154: 188-194.
[30]TANAKA F, NISHIDA M. Inhibitory effects of aromatic acidson nitrogen uptake and transport in rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants cultured on hydroponics[J]. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 1998, 44: 691-694.
[31]张铭,蒋达,缪瑞林,等. 不同土壤肥力条件下施氮量对稻茬小麦氮素吸收利用及产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2010,30(1): 135-140．

相似文献/References:

[1]张霞,李健,秦枫,等.熟化垫料等氮量替代化肥对小麦产量、土壤养分及当季氮肥利用率的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2019,(05):1082.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2019.05.012]
　ZHANG Xia,LI Jian,QIN Feng,et al.Effects of replacement of fertilizer with spent litters in pig-litter system on grain yield, soil nutrient and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat in first season under the same nitrogen input[J].,2019,(06):1082.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2019.05.012]
[2]胡中泽,衣政伟,王安,等.紫云英不同时期还田部分替代化肥对氨挥发及水稻产量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2021,(05):1160.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2021.05.010]
　HU Zhong-ze,YI Zheng-wei,WANG An,et al.Effects of different incorporation stages of Chinese milk vetch residue on ammonia volatilization loss and yield of rice[J].,2021,(06):1160.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2021.05.010]
[3]赵颖,周枫,罗佳琳,等.稻秸还田下不同施肥管理措施对土壤养分、冬小麦产量和氮肥利用率的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2021,(05):1167.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2021.05.011]
　ZHAO Ying,ZHOU Feng,LUO Jia-lin,et al.Effects of different fertilization management measures on soil nutrient, winter wheat yield and nitrogen use efficiency under rice straw returning[J].,2021,(06):1167.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2021.05.011]
[4]周乾顺,吴启侠,朱建强,等.氮肥不同基追比对直播稻氮素吸收、转运及利用的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2022,38(04):915.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2022.04.007]
　ZHOU Qian-shun,WU Qi-xia,ZHU Jian-qiang,et al.Effects of different basal-topdressing ratios of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen absorption, transportation and utilization of direct-seeding rice[J].,2022,38(06):915.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2022.04.007]
[5]卢昕宇,陈丹艳,宁运旺,等.水肥耦合对稻田氨挥发及水稻产量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2022,38(05):1211.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2022.05.007]
　LU Xin-yu,CHEN Dan-yan,NING Yun-wang,et al.Effects of water and fertilizer coupling on ammonia volatilization and rice yield in paddy fields[J].,2022,38(06):1211.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2022.05.007]
[6]赵懿,陈海斌,杜建军,等.不同施肥模式对华南典型红壤菜地肥力与氮肥利用率的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2023,(03):692.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2023.03.009]
　ZHAO Yi,CHEN Hai-bin,DU Jian-jun,et al.Effects of different fertilization patterns on red soil fertility and nitrogen use efficiency in typical vegetable fields in South China[J].,2023,(06):692.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2023.03.009]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2022-02-21基金项目：泰州市科技支撑计划（农业）项目（YN202129）；国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300206);泰州市“凤城引才计划”青年科技人才托举工程资助培养项目作者简介：胡中泽(1987-)，男，江苏兴化人，硕士，助理研究员，从事大田作物研究等工作。(E-mail)huzhongze@126.com通讯作者：王显，(E-mail)351993859@qq.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2023-01-13