[1]古君禹,王秋君,孙倩,等.农林废弃物堆肥产物复配黄瓜育苗基质配方筛选[J].江苏农业学报,2022,38(05):1238-1247.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2022.05.010]
　GU Jun-yu,WANG Qiu-jun,SUN Qian,et al.Screening of agricultural and forestry wastes compost products based cultivation substrate formula for cucumber seedling culture[J].,2022,38(05):1238-1247.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2022.05.010]
点击复制

农林废弃物堆肥产物复配黄瓜育苗基质配方筛选()
分享到：

江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
38
期数:
2022年05期
页码:
1238-1247
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2022-10-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Screening of agricultural and forestry wastes compost products based cultivation substrate formula for cucumber seedling culture
作者:
古君禹1; 2; 王秋君1; 3; 4; 孙倩1; 3; 4; 张晶1; 3; 4; 陈豹1; 2; 成立5; 曹云1; 2; 3; 4; 黄红英1; 3; 4
（1.江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所，江苏南京210014；2.南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院，江苏南京210095;3.江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心，江苏南京210095；4.农业农村部种养结合重点实验室，江苏南京210014；5.镇江贝思特有机活性肥料有限公司，江苏镇江212416）
Author(s):
GU Jun-yu1; 2; WANG Qiu-jun1; 3; 4; SUN Qian1; 3; 4; ZHANG Jing1; 3; 4; CHEN Bao1; 2; CHENG Li5; CAO Yun1; 2; 3; 4; HUANG Hong-ying1; 3; 4
(1.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China；2.School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;3.Jiangsu Provincial Organic Solid Waste Recycling Collaborative Innovation Center, Nanjing 210095, China;4.Key Laboratory of Combination of Planting and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China;5.Zhenjiang BEST Organic Active Fertilizer Co. Ltd., Zhenjiang 212416, China)
关键词:
农林废弃物; 堆肥; 基质配比; 茄果类蔬菜
Keywords:
agricultural and forestry wastes; compost; ratio of the substrate; solanaceous vegetables
分类号:
S642.2
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2022.05.010
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
以农林废弃物为主要堆肥原料，设置正常通气量
[10.0 L/(m3·min)]和低通气量
[2.5 L/(m3·min)] 2种方式，进行为期5个月的堆肥试验，并将发酵4个月和5个月的堆肥产物分别用于复配制备育苗基质进行黄瓜育苗试验。结果表明，正常通气量堆体最高温度和高温时间均大于低通气量堆体，有机质降解程度更高。发酵5个月后，低通气量堆肥产物中铵态氮、硝态氮、总钾含量分别比正常通气堆肥高68.7%、8.2%、38.3%，总氮、总磷含量分别比正常通气量堆肥低6.7%、15.6%。堆肥产物复配菜园土后的基质pH、电导率（EC值）、总养分含量和速效养分含量比单纯堆肥低，但容重增加。主成分分析结果表明，复配基质中堆肥产物添加比例越高，基质综合性能越好；发酵5个月的堆肥产物复配基质优于发酵4个月堆肥产物复配基质。好氧发酵产物与菜园土按3∶1体积比配比对黄瓜育苗效果较好，可作为其穴盘育苗的推荐配方。降低堆肥通风量制备的堆肥产物可以获得与正常通风水平下的堆肥产物及商品基质同等育苗效果。
Abstract:
Agricultural and forestry wastes were used as the main raw materials for composting, and two ventilation rates of normal
[10.0 L/(m3·min)] and low
[2.5 L/(m3·min)] were set for a five-month composting experiment. After composting for four months and five months, the compost products were mixed with soil at different ratios separately to prepare seedling substrate for cucumber seedling experiment. The results showed that, the maximum temperature and high temperature duration of normal ventilation compost was higher than that of low ventilation compost, and the degradation degree of organic matter was relatively higher in normal ventilation compost. After fermentation for five months, contents of ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total potassium in the products of low ventilation compost were 68.7%, 8.2% and 38.3% higher than those in normal ventilation compost, and contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the products of low ventilation compost were 6.7% and 15.6% lower than those in normal ventilation compost. pH value, electric conductivity (EC), total nutrient content and available nutrient content of the substrate made of compost product and vegetable soil were lower than those made of pure compost product, but the volumetric weight increased. Results of principal component analysis showed that, the higher the compost product proportion in the compound substrate, the better the comprehensive performance of the matrix was. The compound substrate composed of compost products fermented for five months was better than that of compost products fermented for four months. The cucumber seedling growth showed the best trend by using the substrate composed of aerobic fermentation products and vegetable soil, with the volume ratio of 3∶1, and the ratio of two components can be used as the recommended formula for cucumber plug seedling nursery. The compost products prepared by low ventilation compost can get the same effect on seedling growth as the compost products prepared by normal ventilation compost and commercial seedling substrates.

参考文献/References:

[1]郭世荣. 无土栽培学[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2003．
[2]PETERSEN F H, REED D W, PETERSEN F, et al. Water media, and nutrition for greenhouse crops[J]. A Growers Guide to Water Media & Nutrition for Greenhouse Crops, 1996,27(23):22-26.
[3]BOHNE, H. Growth of nursery crops in peat-reduced and in peat-free substrates[J]. Acta Horticulturae, 2004,644: 103-106.
[4]GONANI Z, RIAHI H, SHARIFI K. Impact of using leached spent mushroom compost as a partial growing media for horticultural plants [J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2011, 34(3): 337-344.
[5]时连辉,张志国,刘登民,等.菇渣和泥炭基质理化特性比较及其调节[J].农业工程学报, 2008, 24(4): 5.
[6]RAVIV M. The use of compost in growing media as suppressive agent against soil borne diseases [J]. Acta Horticulture, 2008, 799(2): 39-49.
[7]徐智,汤利,毛昆明,等. 牛粪对西番莲果渣高温堆肥腐熟进程的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2006, 25(2): 507-511.
[8]田赟. 园林废弃物堆肥化处理及其产品的应用研究[D]. 北京:北京林业大学.
[9]吉向平,孙乐帆,邓新兵,等. 应用堆肥产品调配育苗基质的性状及花卉育苗试验[J]. 海南热带海洋学院学报, 2017, 24(2): 85-90.
[10]连兆煌. 无土栽培原理与技术[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社, 1994.
[11]鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M]. 3版. 北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[12]INBAR Y, HADAR Y, CHEN Y. Recycling of cattle manure: the composting process and characterization of maturity[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality, 1993, 22(4): 31-46.
[13]沈玉君,李国学,任丽梅,等. 不同通风速率对堆肥腐熟度和含氮气体排放的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2010, 29(9): 1814-1819.
[14]张红玉. 通风量对厨余垃圾堆肥腐熟度和氨气排放的影响[J]. 环境工程, 2013(S1): 483-486.
[15]HIRAI M F, CHANYASAK V, KUBOTA H. Standard measurement for compost maturity[J]. Biocycle, 1983, 24(6): 54-56.
[16]ZUCCONI F, FORTE M, MONACO A, et al. Biological evaluation of compost maturity[J]. Biocycle, 1982, 22(4): 27-29.
[17]ZHAO X L, LI B Q, NI J P, et al. Effect of four crop straws on transformation of organic matter during sewage sludge composting [J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2016,15(1):232-240.
[18]HUE N V, LIU J. Predicting compost stability[J]. Compost Science & Utilization, 1995, 3(2): 8-15.
[19]魏敏芝,张凯,高丽红,等. 不同育苗基质对黄瓜穴盘苗质量的影响[J]. 华中农业大学学报,2004,23(z2):245-249.
[20]苏淑钗. 庭院果树无土栽培培［M］. 北京：海洋出版社, 2000.
[21]高丽红. 无土栽培固体基质的种类与理化特性[J]. 农业工程技术：温室园艺, 2004（2）：28-30.
[22]程斐,孙朝晖,赵玉国,等. 芦苇末有机栽培基质的基本理化性能分析[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2001,24(3):19-22.
[23]岳天敬. 茄子穴盘育苗基质及其育苗效果的研究[D]. 长春:吉林农业大学, 2005.
[24]佟小刚,蒋卫杰,尹明安,等. 不同基质和施肥类型对无土栽培生菜生长发育的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2005,21(10):245-247.
[25]刘艳鹏,蒋卫杰,余宏军. 无土栽培中应用有机肥料的研究进展[J]. 内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2007,28(3):260-263.
[26]任杰,崔世茂,刘杰才,等. 不同基质配比对黄瓜穴盘育苗质量的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2013, 28(2): 128-132.
[27]孙军利. NPK肥对有机生态型无土栽培黄瓜生长发育的影响[D]. 郑州:河南农业大学, 2003.
[28]王朝辉. 不同氮肥用量对蔬菜硝态氮累积的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 1998, 4(1): 22-28.
[29]GONG B, ZHONG X, XIAN C, et al. Manipulation of composting oxygen supply to facilitate dissolved organic matter (DOM) accumulation which can enhance maize growth[J]. Chemosphere, 2021,273(6):129729.1-129729.10.
[30]邓家欣,韦继光,於虹,等. 不同施肥处理对高丛越橘幼苗生长和生理指标及土壤理化性质的影响[J].植物资源与环境学报,2021,30(2):28-34.
[31]孙操稳,仲文雯,洑香香,等. 青钱柳幼林地上部分生物量生长模型研究[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2022,46(1):138-144.
[32]迮裕雯,朱成立,黄明逸,等. 不同盐渍土中生物炭对玉米生理生长的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2021,39(4):426-432.
[33]张迎颖,宋雪飞,徐佳兵,等. 不同氮质量浓度对凤眼蓝生长和生理指标尤其是氮代谢关键酶活性的影响[J].植物资源与环境学报,2021,30(6):39-46.

相似文献/References:

[1]徐刚,高文瑞,王虹,等.不同初始pH值及覆盖材料对中药渣堆肥效果的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(06):1330.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.06.021]
　XU Gang,GAO Wen-rui,WANG Hong,et al.Effect of initial pH values and covering plastic films on herbal residues composting 〖WT5BZ〗XU Gang,GAO Wen-rui,WANG Hong,LI De-cui,SUN Yan-jun,HAN Bing,SHI Long-yan[J].,2015,(05):1330.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.06.021]
[2]张亚,师杨杰,姚均伟,等.村镇有机生活垃圾处理产物对青菜品质及土壤性质的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2023,(01):88.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2023.01.011]
　ZHANG Ya,SHI Yang-jie,YAO Jun-wei,et al.Effects of the products from treatment of organic domestic waste in villages and towns on the quality of Brassica chinensis and soil properties[J].,2023,(05):88.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2023.01.011]
[3]王瑞飞,孔盈利,魏艺璇,等.菌剂对鸡粪-生物炭堆肥理化性质和微生物群落结构的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2023,(04):966.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2023.04.006]
　WANG Rui-fei,KONG Ying-li,WEI Yi-xuan,et al.Effects of microbial agents on physicochemical properties and microbial community structure of chicken manure-biochar compost[J].,2023,(05):966.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2023.04.006]
[4]赵华轩,李尚民,蒲俊华,等.鸡粪筒仓式反应器堆肥产品质量评估和经济效益分析[J].江苏农业学报,2023,(05):1159.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2023.05.008]
　ZHAO Hua-xuan,LI Shang-min,PU Jun-hua,et al.Quality assessment and economic benefit analysis of chicken manure compost products by silo reactor[J].,2023,(05):1159.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2023.05.008]
[5]杨婷,王守红,马林杰,等.好氧堆肥对生物炭理化性质及吸附Cd2+稳定性的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2024,(01):75.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2024.01.008]
　YANG Ting,WANG Shou-hong,MA Lin-jie,et al.Effects of aerobic composting on physicochemical properties of biochar and the adsorption stability of Cd2+[J].,2024,(05):75.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2024.01.008]
[6]张金辉,李银月,张发文,等.物料碳氮比及微生物菌剂接种量对黄瓜秧-鸡粪堆肥过程的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2024,(02):260.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2024.02.008]
　ZHANG Jin-hui,LI Yin-yue,ZHANG Fa-wen,et al.Effects of carbon-nitrogen ratio of materials and inoculation amount of microbial inoculants on the composting process of cucumber seedlings-chicken manure[J].,2024,(05):260.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2024.02.008]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2022-02-25基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(420771100)；镇江市重点研发计划——现代农业项目(NY2020007)；江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(19)2003]作者简介：古君禹（1998-），男，河北唐山人，硕士研究生，从事农业资源废弃物资源化利用研究。(E-mail)1056685844@qq.com通讯作者：曹云，(E-mail)yun.cao@jaas.ac.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2022-11-07