[1]单旭东,石琳,田帅,等.玉米秸秆还田后磷肥减量对冬小麦磷素积累量和产量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2021,(04):884-892.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2021.04.010]
　SHAN Xu-dong,SHI Lin,TIAN Shuai,et al.Effects of phosphate fertilizer reduction on phosphorus accumulation and yield of winter wheat after maize straw returning[J].,2021,(04):884-892.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2021.04.010]
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玉米秸秆还田后磷肥减量对冬小麦磷素积累量和产量的影响()
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江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2021年04期
页码:
884-892
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2021-08-28

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of phosphate fertilizer reduction on phosphorus accumulation and yield of winter wheat after maize straw returning
作者:
单旭东; 石琳; 田帅; 王擎运; 郜红建
（农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室/长江经济带磷资源高效利用与水环境保护中心/安徽农业大学资源与环境学院，安徽合肥230036）
Author(s):
SHAN Xu-dong; SHI Lin; TIAN Shuai; WANG Qing-yun; GAO Hong-jian
（Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Conservation and Pollution Prevention, Research Centre of Phosphorous Efficient Utilization and Water Environment Protection Along the Yangtze River Economic Belt, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036， China）
关键词:
玉米秸秆还田; 磷肥减量; 小麦产量; 磷肥利用效率
Keywords:
maize straw returning; phosphate fertilizer reduction; wheat yield; utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizer
分类号:
S141.4
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2021.04.010
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
旨在探究玉米秸秆还田后秸秆磷肥替代化学磷肥的适宜比例，为秸秆还田后磷肥的合理施用提供理论依据。通过2年的田间试验，研究玉米秸秆粉碎还田条件下配方施肥及磷肥减量10%、20%、30%处理对小麦磷吸收累积量、产量及养分利用效率的影响。结果表明，在2019、2020年，土壤中速效磷含量随着小麦生育期的推进呈现先减少后增加的趋势，土壤中磷净投入量随着磷肥投入量的递减而递减。2019、2020年，在玉米秸秆还田条件下，与配方施肥磷肥处理(P100)相比，磷肥减量20%处理(P80)分别使小麦成熟期磷素的总累积量提高了43.11%、22.42%，分别使小麦增产7.68%、4.90%；与配方施肥磷肥处理(P100)相比，磷肥减量10%处理(P90)分别使小麦成熟期磷素的总累积量提高5.55%、6.75%，分别使小麦产量增加1.60%、1.65%；与配方施肥磷肥处理(P100)相比，磷肥减量30%处理(P70)分别使小麦成熟期磷素总累积量降低8.11%、9.07%，分别使小麦产量降低5.44%、10.89%。2019、2020年，在玉米秸秆还田条件下，与配方施肥磷肥处理(P100)相比，磷肥减量20%处理(P80)能够显著提高磷肥的农学效率(5.73%～39.87%)、偏生产力(20.07%～20.85%)和磷素吸收利用率(32.78%～42.11%)(P＜0.05)。可见，玉米秸秆还田后磷肥减量20%以内对后茬小麦产量不会产生明显影响，并且能够提高磷肥的吸收利用效率，实现减肥增效。
Abstract:
The research aimed to explore the rational proportion of phosphorus in straw to replace chemical phosphorus after the maize straw returned to the field, so as to provide theoretical foundation for rational use of phosphate fertilizer after the maize straw incorporation. The effects of recommended fertilization and phosphorus reduced by 10%, 20% and 30% on phosphorus absorption and accumulation, grain yield and nutrient utilization efficiency of winter wheat under maize straw incorporation condition were investigated through a two-year field experiment. The results showed that, in 2019 and 2020, the content of available phosphorus in soil decreased first and then increased with the extension of the wheat growth period, and the net input of phosphorus in soil declined with the decrease of phosphorus fertilizer addition. In 2019 and 2020, compared with the recommended phosphate fertilizer treatment (P100), the treatment of reducing phosphate fertilizer by 20% (P80) increased the total phosphorus accumulation in wheat plants of mature period by 43.11% and 22.42%, increased the wheat yield by 7.68% and 4.90% under the condition of returning maize straw to field. Compared with those in the recommended phosphate fertilizer treatment (P100), the total accumulation of phosphorus in mature wheat plant increased by 5.55% and 6.75%, and the wheat yield increased by 1.60% and 1.65% in the treatment of reducing the phosphorus fertilizer by 10% (P90) in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Compared with those in the recommended phosphate fertilizer treatment (P100), the total accumulation of phosphorus in mature wheat plant reduced by 8.11% and 9.07%, the wheat yield reduced by 5.44% and 10.89% in the treatment of reducing the phosphorus fertilizer by 30% (P70) in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Compared with those in the recommended phosphate fertilizer treatment (P100), the agronomic efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer significantly increased by 5.73%-39.87%, the partial productivity significantly increased by 20.07%-20.85%, and the phosphorus absorption and utilization rate significantly increased by 32.78%-42.11% (P＜0.05) in the treatment of reducing the phosphate fertilizer by 20% (P80) under the condition of returning maize straw to field in 2019 and 2020, respectively. It can be seen that the reduction of phosphate fertilizer within 20% after maize straw returning will not have obvious impact on the yield of later wheat, and can improve the absorption and utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizer to realize phosphate fertilizer reduction and utilization efficiency increase.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2020-12-14基金项目：国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0800301）；国家自然科学基金项目（41877099）；安徽省重大科技专项（1803071188）作者简介：单旭东（1995-），男，安徽蚌埠人，硕士研究生，主要从事养分高效利用研究。(E-mail)1612146732@qq.com通讯作者：郜红建,(E-mail)gaohongjian2@163.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2021-09-06