[1]韩士群,周庆,姚东瑞,等.水产养殖模式对池塘水环境和环境负荷量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2018,(03):578-584.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2018.03.014]
　HAN Shi-qun,ZHOU Qing,YAO Dong-rui,et al.Effects of aquaculture patterns on water environment of fish pond and environmental load[J].,2018,(03):578-584.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2018.03.014]
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水产养殖模式对池塘水环境和环境负荷量的影响()
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江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2018年03期
页码:
578-584
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2018-06-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of aquaculture patterns on water environment of fish pond and environmental load
作者:
韩士群1; 周庆1; 姚东瑞3; 常雅军3; 唐伯平2
（1.江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014；2.江苏省盐土生物资源研究重点实验室，江苏南京224002；3.江苏省中国科学院植物研究所，江苏南京210014）
Author(s):
HAN Shi-qun1; ZHOU Qing1; YAO Dong-rui3; CHANG Ya-jun3; TANG Bo-ping2
(1.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014，China;2.Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils，Nanjing 224002，China;3.Institute of Botany，Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014，China)
关键词:
养殖模式; 养殖水环境; 环境负荷量; 氮、磷利用率
Keywords:
aquaculture pattern; the environment of aquaculture water; environmental load; utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus
分类号:
X714
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2018.03.014
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为了改善养殖环境,减少排污，研究和分析了6种池塘养殖模式下水体理化指标、底质养分状况、尾水排污量、环境负荷量、氮磷利用率和鱼获物净增产量的变化，明确不同养殖模式对养殖环境负荷的影响。结果表明：单养梭鱼（T3）水体总氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、亚硝态氮、总磷、化学需氧量（CODMn）及悬浮物含量都最大，且极显著大于混养模式。单养模式氮磷利用率显著低于混养模式，但环境负荷量显著大于混养模式。60%异育银鲫+30%梭鱼+10%鲢、鳙（T5）是最优养殖模式，其底泥中有机质、总氮、总磷含量最低，其尾水排放氮、磷、CODMn量最小。T5的氮、磷环境负荷量最小，分别为51.81 kg/t、12.84 kg/t，饲料的氮、磷利用率最高，分别为30.09%、19.15%，饵料系数最小，净增产量最大，是环境、经济较优的养殖模式。
Abstract:
In order to improve the aquaculture environment and reduce the sewage, six kinds of aquaculture patterns were carried out in present study. And the water physical and chemical quality, the sediment nutrients, pollutant discharge of aquaculture effluent, the environmental load, nitrogen and phosphorus utilization rate and the net fish yield were respectively investigated during this experiment. The results suggested that contents of total nitrogen(TN), ammonium nitrogen(NH+4), nitrate nitrogen(NO-3), nitrite nitrogen(NO-2), total phosphorus(TP), (CODMn) and suspended solid(SS) in the monoculture ponds of barracuda (T3) were significantly higher than those in the all polyculture ponds. The nitrogen and phosphorus utilization efficiency of feed in monoculture pattern was significantly lower than that in polyculture pattern, but the environmental load of nitrogen and phosphorus was significantly higher than that in polyculture pattern. The polyculture mode of allogynogenetic crucian carp (60%), barracuda (30%), silver carp and bighead carp (10%) (T5) was optimum, because their contents of organic matter, TN and TP in the sediment and the amounts of TN, TP and CODMn in the discharged waste water were lowest. The nitrogen and phosphorus environment loads under the treatment of T5 were lowest, which were 51.81 kg/t and 12.84 kg/t, respectively. In addition, the nitrogen and phosphorus utilization rate of feed was highest, which was 30.09% and 19.15%, respectively. The feed coefficient was the smallest, and the net fish yield was the largest in the treatment of T5. So, T5 was the optimal aquaculture pattern.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2018-02-11 基金项目：国家科技支撑计划项目（2015BAD13B04）；江苏省水产三新工程重大项目（D2016-17） 作者简介：韩士群（1966-），男，江苏宿迁人，博士，研究员，主要从事蓝藻治理和水体生态修复研究工作。（E-mail）shqunh@126.com 通讯作者：唐伯平，（E-mail）boptang@163.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2018-07-04