[1]周兴根,张洪程,常勇,等.淮北地区麦茬钵苗机插水稻的增产优势及其形成特征[J].江苏农业学报,2015,(03):564-573.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.03.016]
 ZHOU Xing-gen,ZHANG Hong-cheng,CHANG Yong,et al.Yield advantages of machine-transplanted potted seedling of rice following wheat in Huaibei area[J].,2015,(03):564-573.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.03.016]
点击复制

淮北地区麦茬钵苗机插水稻的增产优势及其形成特征()
分享到:

江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2015年03期
页码:
564-573
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2015-06-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Yield advantages of machine-transplanted potted seedling of rice following wheat in Huaibei area
作者:
周兴根1张洪程2常勇1孙克新1黄忠勤1丁震乾1王波1 
(1.江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所,江苏徐州221131;2.扬州大学农业部长江流域稻作技术创新中心/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,江苏扬州225009)
Author(s):
ZHOU Xing-gen1ZHANG Hong-cheng2CHANG Yong1SUN Ke-xin1HUANG Zhong-qin1DING Zhen-qian1WANG Bo1
(1.Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Xuhuai District of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou 221131, China;2.Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze Rive Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou University/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China)
关键词:
麦茬水稻钵苗机插产量光合物质生产
Keywords:
rice following wheatpotted seedling machine transplantingyieldphotosynthetic production
分类号:
S511.2+2
DOI:
10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2015.03.016
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为探讨钵苗机插技术在淮北稻区的适应性, 本研究在淮北地区麦-稻两熟制条件下,以杂交粳稻(2640、1640)和常规粳稻(连粳7号、徐稻3号)为材料,设置钵苗机插、毯苗机插和直播3种种植方式,通过随机区组试验对水稻产量及其构成因素、秧苗素质、光合物质生产、生育期、温光利用等方面进行分析。结果显示,杂交粳稻和常规粳稻的产量均表现为钵苗机插>毯苗机插>直播,且三者间均达到极显著差异,而杂交粳稻在钵苗机插条件下的增产优势更为明显。成熟期光合物质生产表现为钵苗机插>毯苗机插>直播,且三者间达到了极显著差异。相比较钵苗机插水稻,毯苗机插水稻和直播水稻各生育期延长,成熟期分别推迟1~2 d和3~5 d;杂交粳稻和常规粳稻的全生育期积温和光照时数均表现出钵苗机插>毯苗机插>直播。表明钵苗机插稻向前扩张了生育期,增加了对温光资源的利用,熟期相对较早,更利于高产,具有更好的适应性。
Abstract:
To explore the adaptability of potted seedling machine transplanting in Huaibei area, a randomized block experiment was conducted on japonica hybrid rice 2640 and 1640 and japonica conventional rice Xudao 3 and Lianjing 7 in a wheat-rice cropping systems to analyse the yield, yield components, seedling quality, photosynthetic production, growth period and utilization of temperature and illumination. Three kinds of cultivation modes, the potted seedling machine transplanting, blanket seedlings machine transplanting and direct seeding were applied. The yields of both rice materials were showed as machine transplanting>blanket seedlings machine transplanting>direct seeding, and the differences were extremely significant. Machine transplanted potted hybrid rice seedling exhibited highlighet yield advantage. The rice performed the highest photosynthetic production at maturity in the mode of potted seedling machine transplanting, followed by blanket seedlings machine transplanting and direct seeding. Compared with potted seedling machine transplanting, the growth periods of blanket seedlings machine transplanting and direct seeding were longer, the maturity being delayed by 1-2 d and 3-5 d, respectively. The accumulated temperature and illumination hours of both rice were the highest in the mode of potted seedling machine transplanting, followed by blanket seedlings machine transplanting and direct seeding. These results indicated that potted seedling machine transplanting may be more conducive to high yield even super high yield by improving the utilization of temperature and illumination benefited from the extension of growth period and early maturity.

参考文献/References:


[1]HAYASHI S, KAMOSHITA A, YAMAGISHI J, et al. Genotypic differences in grain yield of transplanted and direct-seeded rainfed lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) in northeastern Thailand[J]. Field Crops Research, 2007, 102: 9-21.
[2]CHEN S, CAI S G, CHEN X, et al. Genotypic differences in growth and physiological responses to transplanting and direct seeding cultivation in rice[J]. Rice Science, 2009, 16(2): 143-150.
[3]SAN-OH Y, MANO Y, OOKAWA T, et al. Comparison of dry matter production and associated characteristics between direct-sown and transplanted rice plants in a submerged paddy field and relationships to planting patterns[J]. Field Crops Research, 2004, 87: 43-58.
[4]NAKLANG K, FUKAI S, NATHABUT K. Growth of rice cultivars by direct seeding and transplanting under upland and lowland conditions[J]. Field Crops Research, 1996, 48: 115-123.
[5]RASHID M H, ALAM M M, HOSSAIN KHAN M A, et al. Productivity and resource use of direct-(drum)-seeded and transplanted rice in puddled soils in rice-rice and rice-wheat ecosystems[J]. Field Crops Research, 2009, 113: 274-281.
[6]马殿荣,陈温福,王庆祥,等. 水稻乳苗抛栽与其他栽培方式的比较研究[J]. 沈阳农业大学学报, 2003, 34(5): 336-339.
[7]何瑞银,罗汉亚,李玉同,等. 水稻不同种植方式的比较试验与评价[J]. 农业工程学报, 2008, 24(1): 167-171.
[8]程建平,罗锡文,樊启洲,等. 不同种植方式对水稻生育特性和产量的影响[J]. 华中农业大学学报, 2010, 29(1): 1-5.
[9]罗锡文,谢方平,区颖刚,等. 水稻生产不同栽植方式的比较试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2004, 20(1): 136-139.
[10]金军,薛艳凤,于林惠,等. 水稻不同种植方式群体质量差异比较[J]. 中国稻米, 2006(6): 31-33.
[11]池忠志,姜心禄,郑家国. 不同种植方式对水稻产量的影响及其经济效益比较[J]. 作物杂志, 2008(2): 73-75.
[12]程建平,吴建平,王友根,等. 机插对籼型杂交水稻生育特性和产量的影响[J]. 中国农机化, 2009(6): 45-48.
[13]王铁忠,贾仁叨,林贤青. 甬优6号连作晚稻机插产量表现及其栽培技术探讨[J]. 中国农学通报,2010,26(5):157-160.
[14]张锦萍,钟平,陈川,等. 杂交稻机插秧现状及关键技术研究进展[J]. 现代农业科技, 2011(3):50-52.
[15]韩双,任文涛,李广. 辽宁省水稻栽植机械化现状及发展趋势分析[J]. 农机化研究, 2008(1):229-231.
[16]黄重亮,邹香元. 水稻机插生产与栽培技术特点研究[J].现代农业装备, 2011 (1/2):102-104.
[17]章文. 浅谈加快水稻机插秧技术推广[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2011, 17(24): 53, 104.
[18]朱自均. 试论水稻抛秧配套技术存在的问题与发展趋势[J]. 作物杂志, 2000(3):7-9.
[19]周易. 水稻的抛秧种植技术[J]. 应用科技, 1998 (10):20.
[20]杜永林. 直播稻风险大于优势(上) [J]. 农家致富, 2008 (6): 32.
[21]卢百关,秦德荣,樊继伟,等. 江苏省直播稻生产现状、趋势及存在问题探讨[J]. 中国稻米, 2009(2):45-47.
[22]姚义,谢成林,周兴涛,等.苏中地区秸秆还田直播稻10 500 kg/hm2 生育指标及生产技术规程[J].江苏农业科学,2014,42(9):73-75.
[23]仙北谷康. 大規模稲作農家の展開過程に関する研究[J]. 農業経営研究, 1989(15): 29-43.
[24]邴延忠, 陈宗凯. 水稻钵苗移栽机械化技术研发与应用[J]. 农机科技推广,2011 (4):52-53.
[25]孙德超,李晓东,姜阿利. 水稻钵育秧苗机插技术特点及其优势[J]. 农业机械,2010 (20):69.
[26]陈凤林,张维金,秦开霞,等. 水稻钵盘育秧超稀摆栽高产栽培技术试验分析[J]. 现代农业,2010(6): 37-39. 
[27]徐凯,王骏. 毯状钵苗插秧机现状及标准的适用性探讨[J].农机质量与监督,2012 (5):27-28.
[28]汪本福. 粳稻不同生育期类型品种产量形成特性与品质特征研究[D]. 扬州: 扬州大学, 2006.
[29]邹应斌. 水稻品种生育期的研究——1.水稻品种生育期变化类型及其特点[J]. 湖南农学院学报, 1983(3): 1-11.
[30]李秀芬,贾燕,黄元才,等. 播栽期对水稻产量和产量构成因素及生育期的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2004, 23(5): 98-100.
[31]黄雅丽,陈刚,陈楠,等. 播期和密度对麦茬中粳稻皖稻68生育期和产量形成的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2009, 25(15): 95-99.
[32]杨知建. 湖南省杂交水稻气候生态适应性研究——Ⅱ.杂交水稻的生育期变化规律及其与气象生态条件的关系[J]. 湖南农学院学报, 1990, 16(4): 315-324.
[33]魏金连,潘晓华. 夜间温度升高对早稻生长发育及产量的影响[J]. 江西农业大学学报, 2008, 30(3): 427-432.
[34]杨联松,孙明,张培江,等. 温度、光照对80优121生育期及产量因素的影响[J]. 安徽农业科学, 1998, 26(1): 10-11, 14.
[35]卢开阳,元生朝,张自国. 光照长度对不同类型光敏核不育水稻生育期的影响[J]. 华中农业大学学报, 1990, 9(2): 112-115.〖ZK)〗〖FL)〗
[1]熊正琴,邢光熹,沈光裕,等.太湖地区湖水与河水中溶解N2O及其排放[J].环境科学,2002,23(6):26-30.
[2]梁文艳,梁洋洋,谭洪新,等.用响应曲面法预测生物活性炭填料反应器的硝化效果[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(6):362-364.
[3]于克伟,STRU S.丹麦森林土壤反硝化作用的动力学分析[J].应用生态学报,1998, 9(2):163-167.
[4]DANA D S K, BRUESH R J, SAMSON M L. Direct measurement of ammonia and denitrification fluxes from urea applied to rice[J]. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1991, 55: 543-548.
[5]BRUESH R J, DE DATTA S K. Denitrification losses from puddled rice soils in the tropics[J]. Bio Fertil Soils, 1990, 9: 1-13.
[6]俞慎,李振高.稻田生态系统生物硝化-反硝化作用与氮素损失[J].应用生态学报,1999,10(5):630-634.
[7]国秀丽.温度和水分对土壤碳、氮转化影响的研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2003.
[8]CONEN F,DOBBIE K E,SMITH K A.Predicting N2O emissions from agricultural land through related soil parameters[J].Global Change Biology,2000,6:417-426.
[9]刘方平,柳根水,许亚群,等.基于BaPS系统的棉花土壤硝化和反硝化作用分析[J].江西农业学报,2011,23(12):121-123.
[10]高永恒,罗鹏,吴宁,等.基于BaPS技术的高山草甸土硝化和反硝化季节变化[J].生态环境,2008,17(1):384-387.
[11]韩晓盈,王宏燕,于洪艳,等.黑土生态系统氮循环研究进展[J].东北农业大学学报,2009,40(2):140-144.
[12]INGWERSEN J K, BUTTERBACH-BAH L R, GASCHE O, et al. Barometric process separation: New method for quantifying nitrification, denitrification, and nitrous oxide sources in soils[J]. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1999,63: 117-128.
[13]BREUER L,KIESE R, BUTTERBACH-BAHL K. Temperature and moisture effects on nitrification rates in tropical rain-forest soils[J]. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 2002, 66: 834-844.
[14]刘巧辉,黄耀,郑循华.基于BaPS系统的旱地土壤呼吸作用及其分量确定探讨[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(8):1105-1111.
[15]东升,郑德明,姜益娟,等.荒漠绿洲带膜下滴灌土壤硝化-反硝化和呼吸作用的研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(1):12-15.
[16]刘方平,柳根水,许亚群,等.基于BaPS系统的棉花土壤硝化和反硝化作用分析[J].江西农业学报,2011,23(12):121-123.
[17]杨靖民,姜旭,张忠庆,等.基于BaPS系统黑土硝化、反硝化和呼吸作用研究[J].江西农业学报,2014,36(1):71-76.
[18]新疆生产建设兵团.农一师土壤[R].新疆:新疆生产建设兵团农一师土壤普查办公室,1985.
[19]毛达如.植物营养研究方法[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社, 2001.
[20]汪景宽,刘顺国,李双异.长期地膜覆盖及不同施肥处理对棕壤无机氮和氮素矿化率的影响[J].水土保持学报,2006,20(6):107-110.
[21]郭胜利,余存祖,戴鸣钧.有机肥对土壤剖面硝态氮淋失影响的模拟研究[J].水土保持研究,2000,7(4):123-126.
[22]刘金城,杨晶秋.地膜覆盖下土壤有机质的分解与积累[J].华北农学报,1991,6(1):99-104.
[23]刘方春,聂俊华,刘春生,等.不同施肥措施对土壤硝态氮垂直分布的特征影响[J].土壤通报,2005,36(1):50-53.
[24]朱咏莉,吴金水,韩建刚.地膜覆盖对土壤中N2O释放的影响[J].农业工程学报,2004,20(3):222-225.
[25]曾江海,王智平,张玉铭,等.小麦-玉米轮作期土壤排放N2O通量及总量估算[J].环境科学,1995,16(1): 32-35.
[26]郑循华,王明星,王跃思.华东稻田CH4和N2O排放[J].大气科学,1997,21(2):231-237.〖ZK)〗〖FL)〗

相似文献/References:

[1]郭保卫,许轲,魏海燕,等.钵苗机插水稻茎秆的抗倒伏能力[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(06):1280.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.06.014]
 GUO Bao-wei,XU Ke,WEI Hai-yan,et al.Culm lodging resistance characteristics of bowl seedling mechanical-transplanting rice[J].,2016,(03):1280.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.06.014]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期:2014-09-24 基金项目:江苏省科技成果转化专项基金项目(BA2014074) 作者简介:周兴根(1961-),男,江苏吴县人,学士,副研究员,研究方向为耕作栽培。(Tel)0516-82189221;(E-mail) zlh-888@163.com 通讯作者:张洪程,(E-mail)hczhang@yzu.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2015-06-30