[1]刘红江,郭智,张敏,等.增施中微量元素肥料对水稻产量及稻米品质的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2026,42(02):273-282.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2026.02.006]
　LIU Hongjiang,GUO Zhi,ZHANG Min,et al.Effects of increasing the application of medium and trace element fertilizers on rice yield and grain quality[J].,2026,42(02):273-282.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2026.02.006]
点击复制

增施中微量元素肥料对水稻产量及稻米品质的影响()

江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
42
期数:
2026年02期
页码:
273-282
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2026-02-28

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of increasing the application of medium and trace element fertilizers on rice yield and grain quality
作者:
刘红江1; 郭智1; 张敏2; 张岳芳1; 孙国峰1; 周炜1; 盛婧1
(1.江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014；2.南京市浦口区永宁街道农业服务中心,江苏南京211801)
Author(s):
LIU Hongjiang1; GUO Zhi1; ZHANG Min2; ZHANG Yuefang1; SUN Guofeng1; ZHOU Wei1; SHENG Jing1
(1.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;2.Yongning Street Agricultural Service Center, Pukou District, Nanjing City, Nanjing 211801, China)
关键词:
水稻; 中微量元素; 产量; 稻米品质; 食味值
Keywords:
rice; medium and trace elements; yield; grain quality; taste score
分类号:
S143.7
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2026.02.006
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为了探明施用中微量元素肥料对水稻产量及稻米品质的影响,本研究采用大田小区试验,以优良食味品种水稻南粳46为供试材料,设置常规施肥(对照),增施硅肥、增施锌肥、增施镁肥、硅锌肥配施、硅镁肥配施、锌镁肥配施、硅锌镁肥配施等8个处理。结果表明,增施硅肥、锌肥、镁肥及其配合施用均能一定程度地提高水稻产量,其中2020年处理与对照的差异达到显著水平,其主要原因是水稻单位面积穗数和结实率较大幅度的提高；水稻产量的提高也与其生物产量较大幅度提高密切相关。增施硅肥、锌肥、镁肥及其配合施用整体上能够提高稻谷糙米率、精米率和整精米率,降低稻米垩白粒率和垩白度,提升稻米的加工品质与外观品质；降低稻米蛋白质含量,延伸稻米胶稠度,提升稻米的蒸煮食味品质；提高稻米的热浆黏度、峰值黏度、最终黏度和崩解值,降低稻米的消减值、峰值时间和起浆温度,调优稻米的快速黏度分析仪（RVA）谱特征值；提升稻米食味值；施用硅肥对提升稻米食味值的效果相对最好,相较对照,施用硅肥使稻米食味值显著提高。施用硅肥、锌肥、镁肥,不仅能提高水稻产量,提升水稻种植的经济效益,还能提高稻米食味值。其中,硅肥的施用效果最好,与锌肥和镁肥配施能够进一步提高水稻产量和提升稻米品质。
Abstract:
To investigate the effects of applying medium and trace element fertilizers on rice yield and grain quality, a field plot experiment was conducted using the high-quality tasting rice variety Nanjing 46 as the test material. Eight treatments were set up, including conventional fertilization (control), additional application of silicon fertilizer, additional application of zinc fertilizer, additional application of magnesium fertilizer, combined application of silicon and zinc fertilizers, combined application of silicon and magnesium fertilizers, combined application of zinc and magnesium fertilizers, and combined application of silicon, zinc, and magnesium fertilizers. The results indicated that the application of silicon, zinc, and magnesium fertilizers, either individually or in combination, could improve rice yield to some extent. In particular, the differences between the treatments and the control reached a significant level in 2020. This improvement was primarily attributed to a substantial increase in the number of panicles per unit area and the seed-setting rate. Additionally, the increase in rice yield was closely related to a significant enhancement in biological yield. The application of silicon, zinc, and magnesium fertilizers, either individually or in combination, generally increased the brown rice rate, milled rice rate, and head rice rate, while reducing the chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree. This improvement enhanced the processing and appearance quality of rice. Furthermore, it decreased the protein content, extended the gel consistency, and thereby improved the cooking and eating quality. Additionally, it increased the hot paste viscosity, peak viscosity, final viscosity, and breakdown value, while decreasing the setback value, peak time, and pasting temperature. These changes optimized the Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA) profile characteristics and ultimately improved the taste score of rice. The application of silicon fertilizer demonstrated the most pronounced effect on improving the rice taste score. Compared with the control, silicon fertilizer application significantly increased the rice taste score. The application of silicon, zinc, and magnesium fertilizers not only increased rice yield and enhanced the economic benefits of rice cultivation but also improved the rice taste score. Among them, silicon fertilizer showed the best effectiveness, and its combined application with zinc and magnesium fertilizers could further increase rice yield and improve rice quality.

参考文献/References:

[1]周甜,吴少华,康建宏,等. 不同种植模式对水稻籽粒淀粉含量及淀粉关键酶活性的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学,2024,38(3):303-315.
[2]李建平,李俊杰,李文娟,等. “十四五” 期间我国水稻增产潜力与实现路径[J]. 农业经济问题,2021,42(7):25-37.
[3]张昌泉,赵冬生,李钱峰,等. 稻米品质性状基因的克隆与功能研究进展[J]. 中国农业科学,2016,49(22):4267-4283.
[4]赵飞,刘建,曹高燚,等. 水稻品质育种与优质化栽培问题的探讨[J]. 杂交水稻,2022,37(2):1-6.
[5]赵庆勇,朱镇,张亚东,等. 播期和地点对不同生态类型粳稻稻米品质性状的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学,2013,27(3):297-304.
[6]胡群,夏敏,张洪程,等. 氮肥运筹对钵苗机插优质食味水稻产量及氮素吸收利用的影响[J]. 作物学报,2016,42(11):1666-1676.
[7]文春燕,熊运华,王萍,等. 减施化肥配施不同有机肥对优质籼稻产量和品质的影响[J]. 土壤,2023,55(2):280-287.
[8]吴玉红,李艳华,王 吕,等. 陕南稻区紫云英稻草联合还田配施减量氮肥协同提升水稻产量与稻米品质[J]. 中国水稻科学,2023,37(6):628-641.
[9]杨建昌,袁莉民,唐成,等. 结实期干湿交替灌溉对稻米品质及籽粒中一些酶活性的影响[J]. 作物学报,2005,31(8):1052-1057.
[10]杜敏,郭智,顾克军,等. 收获期对不同生育类型优良食味粳稻稻米品质的影响[J]. 江苏农业学报,2023,39(6):1303-1311.
[11]娄运生,于玉洁,刘燕,等. 施硅对夜间增温下南方水稻生长、产量和品质的影响[J]. 应用生态学报,2023,34(4):985-992.
[12]NAIK S K, DAS D K. Relative performance of chelated zinc and zinc sulphate for lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2008,81(3):219-227.
[13]张玉龙,刘鸣达,王耀晶,等. 施用钢渣对土壤和水稻植株中硅、铁、锰的影响[J]. 土壤通报,2003,34(4):308-311.
[14]赵春芳,岳红亮,黄双杰,等. 南粳系列水稻品种的食味品质与稻米理化特性[J]. 中国农业科学,2019,52(5):909-920.
[15]唐健,唐闯,郭保卫,等. 氮肥施用量对机插优质晚稻产量和稻米品质的影响[J]. 作物学报,2020,46(1):117-130.
[16]孙亮,徐益,蔡沁,等. 中微量元素对水稻产量和品质的影响研究进展[J]. 中国农业科技导报,2024,26(8):9-19.
[17]许佳莹,朱练峰,禹盛苗,等. 硅肥对水稻产量及生理特性影响的研究进展[J]. 中国稻米,2012,18(6):18-22.
[18]潘韬文,陈俣,蔡昆争. 硅肥和氮肥配施对优质稻植株养分含量、产量和品质的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报,2021,37(1):120-126.
[19]MALAV J K, RAMANI V P, SAJID M, et al. Influence of nitrogen and silicon fertilizer on yield and nitrogen and silicon uptake by rice (Oryza saliva L.) under lowland conditions [J]. Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, 2017, 21(8): 45-49.
[20]苏素苗,康天恺,邹家龙,等. 不同水稻品种和施锌方式对水稻产量及籽粒锌有效性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学,2024,57(15):3023-3034.
[21]马朝红,汪应城,陈家贵,等. 硅、锌肥配合施用对水稻生长和产量的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学,2014,53(24):5956-5958.
[22]魏晓东,宋雪梅,赵凌,等. 硅锌肥及其施用方式对南粳46产量和稻米品质的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学,2023,37(3):295-306.
[23]杨瑞翔,黄文卿,邱昌颖,等. 福建省水稻镁肥效应及推荐用量[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报,2024,30(8):1515-1528.
[24]商全玉,张文忠,韩亚东,等. 硅肥对北方粳稻产量和品质的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学,2009,23(6):661-664.
[25]胡坤,喻华,冯文强,等. 中微量元素和有益元素对水稻生长和吸收镉的影响[J]. 生态学报,2011,31(8):2341-2348.
[26]郭九信,隋标,商庆银,等. 氮锌互作对水稻产量及籽粒氮、锌含量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(6):1336-1342.
[27]渠悦,马涛,胡月明,等. 从化区农田耕层土壤有效硅空间分布及影响因素[J]. 农业资源与环境学报,2021,38(6):989-998.
[28]王子腾,耿元波,梁涛. 中国农田土壤的有效锌含量及影响因素分析[J]. 中国土壤与肥料,2019(6):55-63.
[29]李小为,任学坤,殷微微,等. 白浆土型水稻土施硅肥对水稻产量及品质的影响[J]. 中国土壤与肥料,2008(6):67-69.
[30]张国良,戴其根,王建武,等. 施硅量对粳稻品种武育粳3号产量和品质的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学,2007,21(3):299-303.
[31]杜同庆,徐鹏,刘秀秀,等. 淮北地区不同时期喷施硅肥对水稻生育及产量和品质影响研究[J]. 北方水稻,2018,48(4):24-26,30.
[32]SHIVAY Y S, PRASAD R, RAHAL A. Genotypic variation for productivity,zinc utilization efficiencies,and kernel quality in aromatic rices under low available zinc conditions[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition,2010,33(12):1835-1848.
[33]KHEYRI N, NOROUZI H A, MOBASSER H R, et al. Effects of silicon and zinc nanoparticles on growth,yield,and biochemical characteristics of rice[J]. Agronomy Journal,2019,111(6):3084-3090.
[34]WANG R, MI K L, YUAN X J, et al. Zinc oxide nanoparticles foliar application effectively enhanced zinc and aroma content in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains[J]. Rice,2023,16(1):36.
[35]杨文祥,李刚华,王强盛,等. 镁对稻米食味品质的影响[J]. 江苏农业学报,2007,23(3):166-171.
[36]赵海成,李红宇,陈立强,等. 硅氮配施对寒地水稻产量品质及抗倒性的影响[J]. 上海农业学报,2018,34(4):36-42.
[37]李军,肖丹丹,邓先亮,等. 镁锌肥追施时期对优良食味粳稻产量及品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科学,2018,51(8):1448-1463.
[38]王力,孙影,张洪程,等. 不同时期施用锌硅肥对优良食味粳稻产量和品质的影响[J]. 作物学报,2017,43(6):885-898.

相似文献/References:

[1]王士磊,丁正权,黄海祥.水稻隐性早熟突变体ref早熟性的遗传分析和基因定位[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(04):721.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.100-4440.2016.04.001]
　WANG Shi-lei,DING Zheng-quan,HUANG Hai-xiang.Inheritance and gene mapping of recessive earliness in rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J].,2016,(02):721.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.100-4440.2016.04.001]
[2]王在满,郑乐,张明华,等.不同播种方式对直播水稻倒伏指数和根系生长的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(04):725.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.100-4440.2016.04.002]
　WANG Zai-man,ZHENG Le,ZHANG Ming-hua,et al.Effects of seeding manners on lodging index and root growth of directseeded rice[J].,2016,(02):725.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.100-4440.2016.04.002]
[3]易能,薛延丰,石志琦,等.微囊藻毒素对水稻种子萌发和幼苗生长的胁迫作用[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(04):729.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.100-4440.2016.04.003]
　YI Neng,XUE Yan-feng,SHI Zhi-qi,et al.Inhibitory effect of microcystins on seed germination and seedling growth of rice[J].,2016,(02):729.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.100-4440.2016.04.003]
[4]刘凯,王爱民,严国红,等.一个水稻显性矮秆突变体的遗传特性与降株高能力[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(05):968.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.002]
　LIU Kai,WANG Ai-min,YAN Guo-hong,et al.Genetic analysis and plant height reduction of a dominant dwarf mutant of rice[J].,2016,(02):968.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.002]
[5]王红,杨镇,裴文琪,等.功能性微生物制剂对镉胁迫下水稻生长及生理特性的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(05):974.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.003]
　WANG Hong,YANG Zhen,PEI Wen-qi,et al.Growth and physiological characteristics of cadmium-stressed rice influenced by functional microorganism agent[J].,2016,(02):974.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.003]
[6]孙玲,单捷,毛良君,等.基于遥感和Moran's I指数的水稻面积变化空间自相关性研究[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(05):1060.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.017]
　SUN Ling,SHAN Jie,MAO Liang-jun,et al.Spatial autocorrelation of changes in paddy rice area based on remote sensing and Moran’s I index[J].,2016,(02):1060.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.017]
[7]张晓忆,李卫国,景元书,等.多种光谱指标构建决策树的水稻种植面积提取[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(05):1060.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.018]
　ZHANG Xiao-yi,LI Wei-guo,JING Yuan-shu,et al.Extraction of paddy rice area by constructing the decision tree with multiple spectral indices[J].,2016,(02):1060.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.05.018]
[8]裔传灯,李玮,王德荣,等.水稻GW5基因的1212-bp Indel变异对粒形的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(06):1201.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.06.001]
　YI Chuan-deng,LI Wei,WANG De-rong,et al.Effect of 1212-bp Indel variation of gene GW5 on rice grain shape[J].,2016,(02):1201.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.06.001]
[9]刘红江,陈虞雯,张岳芳,等.不同播栽方式对水稻叶片光合特性及产量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(06):1206.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.06.002]
　LIU Hong-jiang,CHEN Yu-wen,ZHANG Yue-fang,et al.Effects of planting pattern on leaf photosynthetic characteristics and yield of rice[J].,2016,(02):1206.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.06.002]
[10]郭保卫,许轲,魏海燕,等.钵苗机插水稻茎秆的抗倒伏能力[J].江苏农业学报,2016,(06):1280.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.06.014]
　GUO Bao-wei,XU Ke,WEI Hai-yan,et al.Culm lodging resistance characteristics of bowl seedling mechanical-transplanting rice[J].,2016,(02):1280.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2016.06.014]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2025-04-03基金项目：江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(22)1002]；南京市农业重大技术协同推广计划项目
[2024NJXTTG(04)]作者简介：刘红江(1979-),男,江苏建湖人,博士,副研究员,主要从事农业生态和稻麦栽培生理生态研究。(E-mail)Liuhongjiang2004@sohu.com通讯作者：盛婧,(E-mail)nkysj@hotmail.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2026-03-16