[1]张枫叶,李可,贺群岭,等.有机肥配施生物炭对土壤肥力和花生产量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2026,42(01):59-67.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2026.01.007]
　ZHANG Fengye,LI Ke,HE Qunling,et al.Effects of combined application of organic fertilizer and biochar on soil fertility and peanut yield[J].,2026,42(01):59-67.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2026.01.007]
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有机肥配施生物炭对土壤肥力和花生产量的影响()

江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
42
期数:
2026年01期
页码:
59-67
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2026-01-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of combined application of organic fertilizer and biochar on soil fertility and peanut yield
作者:
张枫叶; 李可; 贺群岭; 陈雷; 张梦圆; 吴继华; 杨明达; 刘艺玮; 邹露阳
(商丘市农林科学院,河南商丘476000)
Author(s):
ZHANG Fengye; LI Ke; HE Qunling; CHEN Lei; ZHANG Mengyuan; WU Jihua; YANG Mingda; LIU Yiwei; ZOU Luyang
(Shangqiu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shangqiu 476000, China)
关键词:
有机肥; 生物炭; 土壤肥力; 花生; 产量; 品质
Keywords:
organic fertilizer; biochar; soil fertility; peanut; yield; quality
分类号:
S158
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2026.01.007
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
本研究旨在明确有机肥配施生物炭对河南省东部花生主产区土壤肥力及花生产量、品质的作用效果,为改善该区域花生种植土壤环境、构建科学环保的施肥体系提供理论依据。试验于河南省商丘市民权县进行,以高油高产花生品种商花21号为供试材料,采用随机区组设计进行大田试验,共设置 6 个处理,以常规施肥为对照(CK)、常规施肥+有机肥(Y1)处理,常规施肥+有机肥+4个不同生物炭用量(2.5 t/hm2、3.0 t/hm2、3.5 t/hm2、4.0 t/hm2，Y2～Y5)处理，试验连续2年。在花生成熟期采集0～20 cm土层土壤样品,测定土壤有机质含量、速效养分含量、酶活性指标,并同步测定花生产量及品质相关指标。结果表明,与CK相比,Y3处理、Y4处理在提升土壤有机质含量、速效养分含量、硝态氮含量、铵态氮含量以及土壤酶活性方面效果较好；与CK相比，2024年Y3处理、Y4处理花生荚果产量和籽仁产量显著提升(P＜0.05)； 与CK相比，Y2处理、Y3处理在连续2年试验中均能够显著提升花生籽仁油酸含量和亚油酸含量(P＜0.05)。此外,相关性分析结果显示,土壤有机质含量、蔗糖酶活性与花生产量呈极显著正相关(P＜0.01),土壤脲酶活性与花生籽仁油酸含量和亚油酸含量呈极显著正相关(P＜0.01)。综上,沙壤土中施用一定量生物炭可改善土壤养分状况,实现花生产量提升和品质优化；其中Y3、Y4处理在提升土壤养分水平及花生产量方面综合表现较好,Y2、Y3处理对花生籽仁品质的提升效果较好。
Abstract:
This study aims to clarify the effects of combined application of organic fertilizer and biochar on soil fertility, peanut yield, and quality in the main peanut production region of eastern Henan province, providing a theoretical basis for improving the soil environment and establishing a scientific and environmentally friendly fertilization system in this area. A field experiment was conducted in Minquan County, Shangqiu City, Henan province, using the high-oil and high-yield peanut variety Shanghua 21 as the test material. A randomized block design was employed with six treatments: conventional fertilization as the control (CK), conventional fertilization + organic fertilizer (Y1), and conventional fertilization + organic fertilizer combined with four different biochar application rates (2.5 t/hm2, 3.0 t/hm2, 3.5 t/hm2, 4.0 t/hm2, labeled Y2 to Y5, respectively). The experiment lasted for two consecutive years. Soil samples from the 0-20 cm layer were collected at peanut maturity stage to determine soil organic matter content, available nutrient content, and enzyme activity indicators. Peanut yield and quality-related indicators were measured simultaneously. The results showed that compared with CK, treatments Y3 and Y4 performed better in enhancing soil organic matter content, available nutrient content, nitrate nitrogen content, ammonium nitrogen content, and soil enzyme activity. In 2024, compared with CK, treatments Y3 and Y4 significantly increased peanut pod yield and kernel yield (P<0.05). Furthermore, compared with CK, treatments Y2 and Y3 significantly increased the oleic acid and linoleic acid content in peanut kernels over the two-year experiment (P<0.05). Additionally, correlation analysis revealed that soil organic matter content and sucrase activity were significantly positively correlated with peanut yield (P<0.01), and soil urease activity was significantly positively correlated with kernel oleic acid and linoleic acid content (P<0.01). In conclusion, applying an appropriate amount of biochar in sandy loam soil can improve soil nutrient status, leading to increased peanut yield and optimized quality. Among the treatments, Y3 and Y4 showed better overall performance in improving soil nutrient levels and peanut yield, while Y2 and Y3 were more effective in enhancing peanut kernel quality.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2025-03-18基金项目：河南省重大科技专项(221100110300)；河南省农业良种联合攻关项目(20220100001);河南省农业科研系统主要农作物育种测试协同体项目（2024XTCX01）作者简介：张枫叶(1982-),女,河南商丘人,硕士,副研究员,主要从事花生种质资源与遗传育种研究。(E-mail)fengyezhang666@126.com通讯作者：吴继华,(E-mail)13598397765@163.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2026-02-09