[1]黄亮,余相宇,傅唯轩,等.鸡粪堆肥过程中EM菌对微生物群落结构及耐药基因与毒力因子的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2025,(10):1973-1984.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2025.10.011]
　HUANG Liang,YU Xiangyu,FU Weixuan,et al.Effects of EM bacteria on microbial community structure, antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors during chicken manure composting[J].,2025,(10):1973-1984.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2025.10.011]
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鸡粪堆肥过程中EM菌对微生物群落结构及耐药基因与毒力因子的影响()

江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2025年10期
页码:
1973-1984
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2025-10-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of EM bacteria on microbial community structure, antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors during chicken manure composting
作者:
黄亮1; 2; 余相宇2; 傅唯轩1; 邵颖1; 祁钊2
(1.安徽省动物性食品质量与生物安全工程实验室,安徽合肥230036;2.安徽农业大学信息与人工智能学院,安徽合肥230036)
Author(s):
HUANG Liang1; 2; YU Xiangyu2; FU Weixuan1; SHAO Ying1; QI Zhao2
(1.Anhui Province Animal Food Quality and Biosafety Engineering Laboratory, Hefei 230036, China;2.School of Information and Artificial Intelligence, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China)
关键词:
鸡粪; 堆肥; 宏基因组学; 微生物群落结构; 耐药基因; 毒力因子
Keywords:
chicken manure; composting; metagenomics; microbial community structure; antibiotic resistance genes; virulence factors
分类号:
S141.4;X713
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2025.10.011
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
本研究旨在探讨鸡粪堆肥过程中微生物群落结构、耐药基因(ARG)和毒力因子(VF)的动态变化,并评估EM菌对其的影响。研究于2022年夏季采集鸡粪样品，进行堆肥处理，分别在嗜热期、冷却期和成熟期采集样本。通过宏基因组学测序技术,结合堆肥温度和pH值的变化,系统分析不同堆肥阶段和处理方式下微生物群落结构、耐药基因及毒力因子的变化。研究结果显示,堆肥过程中,试验组堆肥温度和pH值呈现先上升后下降的趋势,并且添加EM菌后试验组温度和pH值高于对照组,表明EM菌有助于维持堆肥环境的稳定。微生物群落结构,门水平上,堆肥初期变形菌门细菌占主导地位;随着堆肥时间的延长,厚壁菌门细菌逐渐成为优势菌群,尤其在添加EM菌的试验组中,厚壁菌门细菌相对丰度明显增加;属水平上,EM菌添加后促进了功能菌属细菌的富集。耐药基因方面,堆肥初期氨基糖苷类耐药基因、四环素类耐药基因和β-内酰胺类耐药基因相对丰度较高,随着堆肥进程的推进,这些耐药基因的相对丰度逐渐下降,到了堆肥后期,添加EM菌的试验组中aadA和ANT(3″)-Ⅰa基因相对丰度明显减少,表明EM菌可以通过促进有益微生物的生长,从而抑制耐药微生物的增殖。毒力因子方面,堆肥初期表现出较强的致病性特征,堆肥中期致病性因子的相对丰度逐渐下降,堆肥后期致病性因子相对丰度上升,在添加EM菌的组中,鞭毛(Flagella)等致病性因子的相对丰度受到抑制,极性鞭毛(Polar flagella)等运动性因子的相对丰度增加,表明EM菌可以通过调节微生物的群落结构,降低致病性微生物的活跃度,从而提高堆肥的安全性和质量。研究结果为优化堆肥过程中耐药基因管理提供了理论依据,并为控制堆肥环境中毒力因子提供了新策略。
Abstract:
To explore the dynamic changes in microbial community structure, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and virulence factors (VFs) during chicken manure composting and evaluate the effects of EM bacteria, this study collected chicken manure samples and conducted composting treatment in the summer of 2022. Samples were collected during the thermophilic phase, cooling phase, and maturation phase, respectively. Using metagenomic sequencing technology combined with changes in compost temperature and pH, this study systematically analyzed the variations in microbial community structure, antibiotic resistance genes, and virulence factors across different composting phases and treatment methods. The results revealed that during the composting process, the temperature and pH in the experimental group exhibited an initial increase followed by a decrease. Moreover, the addition of EM bacteria resulted in higher temperature and pH values in the experimental group compared to the control group, suggesting that EM bacteria contributed to stabilizing the composting environment. At the phylum level, bacteria belonging to the phylum Proteobacteria dominated the early stages of composting. As composting progressed, Firmicutes gradually became the dominant bacterial group, with their relative abundance significantly increasing, particularly in the experimental group supplemented with EM bacteria. At the genus level, the addition of EM bacteria promoted the enrichment of functional bacterial genera. In terms of antibiotic resistance genes, the relative abundances of aminoglycoside, tetracycline, and β-lactam resistance genes were relatively high during the initial stage of composting. As the composting process progressed, the relative abundances of these ARGs gradually decreased. By the late stage of composting, the relative abundances of the aadA and ANT(3″)-I a genes were significantly reduced in the experimental group supplemented with EM bacteria. These results indicated that EM bacteria inhibited the proliferation of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms by promoting the growth of beneficial microbes. Regarding virulence factors, strong pathogenic characteristics were observed during the initial composting phase. The relative abundance of these pathogenic factors gradually decreased in the middle stage but increased again in the late stage. In the group supplemented with EM bacteria, the relative abundance of pathogenic factors such as flagella was notably suppressed, while the abundance of motility-related factors like polar flagella increased. These results demonstrated that EM bacteria could reduce the activity of pathogenic microorganisms by modulating the microbial community structure, thereby enhancing the safety and quality of the compost. The findings provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the management of antibiotic resistance genes during composting and offer novel strategies for controlling virulence factors in compost environments.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2024-11-05基金项目：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(32202891)作者简介：黄亮(2000-),男,安徽宿州人,硕士研究生,主要从事生物信息学研究。(E-mail)23720880@stu.ahau.edu.cn通讯作者：祁钊,(E-mail)qizhao1050@ahau.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2025-11-17