[1]刘坤伦,刘光明,陈越,等.江苏省杂草稻和栽培稻稻米品质差异特征[J].江苏农业学报,2025,(02):221-230.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2025.02.002]
　LIU Kunlun,LIU Guangming,CHEN Yue,et al.Differential characteristics of rice grain quality between weedy rice and cultivated rice in Jiangsu province[J].,2025,(02):221-230.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2025.02.002]
点击复制

江苏省杂草稻和栽培稻稻米品质差异特征()
分享到：

江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2025年02期
页码:
221-230
栏目:
遗传育种·生理生化
出版日期:
2025-02-28

文章信息/Info

Title:
Differential characteristics of rice grain quality between weedy rice and cultivated rice in Jiangsu province
作者:
刘坤伦; 刘光明; 陈越; 咸云宇; 王维领; 霍中洋; 赵灿
(江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室/扬州大学农学院/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009)
Author(s):
LIU Kunlun; LIU Guangming; CHEN Yue; XIAN Yunyu; WANG Weiling; HUO Zhongyang; ZHAO Can
(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College of Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou 225009, China)
关键词:
杂草稻; 栽培稻; 稻米品质; 质构特性; 糊化特性
Keywords:
Oryza sativa f. spontanea; Oryza sativa L.; grain quality; texture properties; pasting properties
分类号:
S511
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2025.02.002
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
杂草稻(Oryza sativa f. spontanea)和栽培稻(Oryza sativa L.)同属于稻属,但是前者对后者的危害越来越大,杂草稻已经成为全球稻田三大恶性杂草之一。然而,关于杂草稻与栽培稻稻米品质差异特性的研究较少。为此,我们以采自江苏省的16份杂草稻和12份栽培稻为试验材料,比较杂草稻与栽培稻稻米品质的差异性,测定了加工品质、外观品质、营养品质、蒸煮食味品质、质构特性和糊化特性。结果表明,与常规籼稻、常规粳稻和杂交稻相比,杂草稻直链淀粉含量分别显著提高52.5%、84.3%、42.0%（P<0.05）,蛋白质含量分别显著提高57.5%、38.8%、76.3%（P<0.05）,食味值分别显著降低59.5%、58.5%、50.5%（P<0.05）。杂草稻米饭质构特性变异幅度较大,且硬度和弹性较大。除峰值时间和成糊温度的变异系数较小外,杂草稻米粉其他糊化特性指标的变异系数较大,为21.25%～60.10%。相关性分析结果表明,食味值与整精米率、粒长、长宽比、峰值黏度、崩解值呈显著或极显著正相关,与垩白粒率、垩白度、直链淀粉含量、蛋白质含量、硬度、弹性、黏度、均衡值、消减值呈显著或极显著负相关。硬度与崩解值呈极显著负相关,而与消减值呈极显著正相关。可见,江苏省杂草稻稻米品质性状变异丰富,食味品质较差,但营养品质较高,拥有较大的潜在利用价值,可为蛋白质含量高的优质水稻种质资源的培育提供理论依据。
Abstract:
Weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) and cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) belong to the genus Oryza, but the former is more and more harmful to the latter, and has become one of the three malignant weeds in rice fields around the world. However, there are few studies on the quality differences between weedy rice and cultivated rice. Therefore, we used 16 weedy rice experimental materials and 12 cultivated rice experimental materials collected from Jiangsu province to compare the quality differences between weedy rice and cultivated rice, and determined the processing quality, appearance quality, nutritional quality, cooking and eating quality, texture characteristics and pasting properties. The results showed that compared with conventional indica rice, conventional japonica rice and hybrid rice, the amylose content of weedy rice increased significantly by 52.5%, 84.3% and 42.0% respectively (P<0.05), the protein content increased significantly by 57.5%, 38.8% and 76.3% respectively(P<0.05), and the taste value decreased significantly by 59.5%, 58.5% and 50.5% respectively(P<0.05). The texture characteristics of weedy rice varied greatly, and the hardness and elasticity were higher. In addition to peak time and pasting temperature, the coefficients of variation of other pasting characteristics of weedy rice ranged from 21.25% to 60.10%. The results of correlation analysis indicated that the taste value was significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with head rice rate, grain length, length-width ratio, peak viscosity and disintegration value, and significantly or extremely significantly negatively correlated with chalky grain rate, chalkiness, amylose content, protein content, hardness, elasticity, viscosity, equilibrium value and setback value. Hardness was significantly negatively correlated with disintegration value, but was significantly positively correlated with setback value. It can be seen that the quality traits of weedy rice in Jiangsu province are rich in variation, the eating quality is poor, but the nutritional quality is high, and it has great potential utilization value, which can provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation of high-quality rice germplasm resources with high protein content.

参考文献/References:

[1]TANG L, MA D R, XU Z J, et al. Utilization of weedy rice for development of japonica hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Plant Science,2011,180(5):733-740.
[2]SONG D M, MA D R, YANG Q, et al. Effects of weedy rice on yield and quality and micro-ecological environment in cultivated japonica rice population[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica,2009,35(5):914-920.
[3]OH C S, CHOI Y H, LEE S J, et al. Mapping of quantitative trait loci for cold tolerance in weedy rice[J]. Breeding Science,2004,54(4):373-380.
[4]马殿荣,王楠,王莹,等. 中国北方杂草稻深覆土条件下出苗动力源分析[J]. 中国水稻科学,2008,22(2):215-218.
[5]李茂柏,王慧,朴钟泽,等. 杂草稻人工老化和耐储藏特性的初步研究[J]. 作物杂志,2010(5):30-33.
[6]魏毅,靳西彪,杨海亮,等. 红米色素与微量元素硒之间关系的初步研究[J]. 种子,2010,29(5):1-4.
[7]陈增建,朱立宏. (禾鲁)稻与云南稻地方品种亲缘关系的初步研究[J]. 作物学报,1990,16(3):219-227,291.
[8]郭俊祥,邹德堂,孙世臣,等. 黑龙江省典型杂草稻杂交后代野生性状的比较分析[J]. 黑龙江农业科学,2006(6):11-13.
[9]马会珍,陈心怡,王志杰,等. 中国部分优质粳稻外观及蒸煮食味品质特征比较[J]. 中国农业科学,2021,54(7):1338-1353.
[10]张洪程,张军,龚金龙,等. “籼改粳” 的生产优势及其形成机理[J]. 中国农业科学,2013,46(4):686-704.
[11]胡培松,翟虎渠,唐绍清,等. 利用RVA快速鉴定稻米蒸煮及食味品质的研究[J]. 作物学报,2004,30(6):519-524.
[12]陈丽,马静,孙建昌. 杂草稻稻米蒸煮品质与营养品质的相关性分析[J]. 宁夏农林科技,2018,59(9):3-5.
[13]陈丽,王兴盛,孙建昌,等. 西北干旱区杂草稻品质性状分析[J]. 西北农业学报,2018,27(12):1772-1779.
[14]周勇军,陆永良,谢晓东,等. 丹东杂草稻与栽培稻的稻米品质分析比较[J]. 中国稻米,2012,18(2):37-40.
[15]孙兴荣,卞景阳,刘琳帅,等. 氮肥施用量对水稻产量及品质的影响[J]. 黑龙江农业科学,2019(11):48-51.
[16]阮新民,施伏芝,从夕汉,等. 2009-2019年安徽中籼稻米品质综合评价及关键影响因子分析[J]. 中国农业科技导报,2021,23(5):108-115.
[17]龚金龙,邢志鹏,胡雅杰,等. 籼、粳超级稻主要品质性状和淀粉RVA谱特征的差异研究[J]. 核农学报,2015,29(7):1374-1385.
[18]ZHAO C, LIU G M, CHEN Y, et al. Excessive nitrogen application leads to lower rice yield and grain quality by inhibiting the grain filling of inferior grains[J]. Agriculture,2022,12(7):962.
[19]张超,吴焱,魏海燕,等. 半糯性粳稻的淀粉精细结构及其米粉/饭功能特性研究[J]. 中国粮油学报,2021,36(6):1-7.
[20]魏海燕,张洪程,杭杰,等. 不同氮素利用效率基因型水稻氮素积累与转移的特性[J]. 作物学报,2008,34(1):119-125.
[21]ZHAO C, XU W R, SONG X L, et al. Early flowering and rapid grain filling determine early maturity and escape from harvesting in weedy rice [J]. Pest Management Science,2018,74(2):465-476.
[22]ZHAO C, XU W R, LI H W, et al. The rapid cytological process of grain determines early maturity in weedy rice [J]. Frontiers in Plant Science,2021,12:711321.
[23]ZHAO C, XU W R, MENG L C, et al. Rapid endosperm development promotes early maturity in weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) [J]. Weed Science,2020,68(2):168-178.
[24]王夫玉,张洪程,赵新华,等. 温光对水稻籽粒充实度的影响[J]. 中国农业科学,2001,34(4):396-402.
[25]郭亚丽,李芳,洪媛,等. 大米理化成分与米饭品质的相关性研究[J]. 武汉轻工大学学报,2015,34(3):1-6.
[26]朱大伟,李敏,郭保卫,等. 氮肥水平对优质粳稻蒸煮食味品质与质构特性的影响[J]. 贵州农业科学,2018,46(3):62-66.
[27]唐健,唐闯,郭保卫,等. 氮肥施用量对机插优质晚稻产量和稻米品质的影响[J]. 作物学报,2020,46(1):117-130.
[28]QIU J, ZHOU Y J, MAO L F, et al. Genomic variation associated with local adaptation of weedy rice during de-domestication[J]. Nature Communications,2017. DOI:10.1038/ncomms15323.
[29]旷娜,唐启源,郑华斌,等. 再生季稻米蛋白质含量与外观、加工品质及营养品质的关系[J]. 中国粮油学报,2021,36(5):1-7.
[30]李刚,邓其明,李双成,等. 稻米淀粉RVA谱特征与品质性状的相关性[J]. 中国水稻科学,2009,23(1):99-102.
[31]谢新华,李晓方,肖昕,等. 稻米淀粉黏滞性和质构性研究[J]. 中国粮油学报,2007,22(3):9-11,20.
[32]刘仲华,李来平,曾海燕,等. 国内外功能性稻米研究进展[J]. 广东微量元素科学,2010,17(12):13-20.

相似文献/References:

[1]吴云艳.杂草稻竞争对栽培稻氮素积累量、氮素利用率及产量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2018,(02):241.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2018.02.001]
　WU Yun-yan.Effect of weedy rice competition on the nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen utilization efficiency and yield of cultivated rice[J].,2018,(02):241.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2018.02.001]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2024-01-15基金项目：江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项(BE2022424)；江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(24)2008、CX(22)1001]；江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2020319、BE2021336、BE2019377)；国家水稻产业技术体系项目(CARS-01-28)；扬州大学创新培育基金项目(135030250)；江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目作者简介：刘坤伦(2000-),男,安徽宿州人,硕士,主要从事水稻优质高产栽培及生理研究。(E-mail)1969579614@qq.com通讯作者：赵灿,(E-mail)canzhao@yzu.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2025-03-27