[1]陆喜瞻,朱海滨,张凯溦,等.控释氮肥一次性减量基施和密植对机插粳稻产量、品质及经济效益的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2024,(08):1400-1411.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2024.08.005]
　LU Xizhan,ZHU Haibin,ZHANG Kaiwei,et al.Effects of one-time base application with reduced amount of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer and density increase on yield， quality and economic benefits of mechanized-transplanting japonica rice[J].,2024,(08):1400-1411.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2024.08.005]
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控释氮肥一次性减量基施和密植对机插粳稻产量、品质及经济效益的影响()
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江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2024年08期
页码:
1400-1411
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2024-08-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of one-time base application with reduced amount of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer and density increase on yield， quality and economic benefits of mechanized-transplanting japonica rice
作者:
陆喜瞻; 朱海滨; 张凯溦; 许方甫; 朱盈; 李光彦; 刘国栋; 魏海燕; 胡群; 张洪程
(扬州大学水稻产业工程技术研究院/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心/江苏省优质粳稻产业工程研究中心,江苏扬州225009)
Author(s):
LU Xizhan; ZHU Haibin; ZHANG Kaiwei; XU Fangfu; ZHU Ying; LI Guangyan; LIU Guodong; WEI Haiyan; HU Qun; ZHANG Hongcheng
(Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Jiangsu Industrial Engineering Research Center of High Quality Japonica Rice, Yangzhou 225009, China)
关键词:
粳稻; 控释肥; 减氮密植; 产量; 品质; 经济效益
Keywords:
japonica rice; controlled-release fertilizer; nitrogen reduction and density increase; yield; quality; economic benefits
分类号:
S511.044
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2024.08.005
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为探究控释氮肥一次性减量基施及密植对机插粳稻产量、品质和经济效益的影响,明确最优氮肥和栽插密度组合处理,以南粳5718为供试材料,在施用225 kg/hm2纯氮条件下,将3种控释期（60 d、80 d、100 d）的控释肥和3个栽插密度（每穴栽插苗数分别为6、8、10）进行组合,共设置9种组合方式,并设置对照（CK）为300 kg/hm2纯氮施用量+每穴栽插苗数为4+常规分次施肥,调查产量及其形成特征、稻米品质和经济效益的差异。结果表明,2021、2022年各减氮处理中产量最高的均为80-6处理,较其他减氮处理产量显著提高,较CK产量显著降低4.77%～5.17%。拔节期至抽穗期,80-6处理的干物质积累量与其他减氮处理相比总体增加。在稻米品质指标方面,各减氮处理的垩白粒率、垩白度较CK降低,营养品质（蛋白质含量）显著降低,但在外观品质、食味品质方面均得到显著改善。在经济效益方面,80-6处理实现了2021、2022年控释肥一次性基施下的最高经济效益,经济效益较CK增加3.60%～5.28%。因此认为,80-6处理在减氮和保证稳产的前提下,可以提升稻米品质,同时能够获得较高经济效益,可作为机插粳稻丰产优质高效协同的一次性减氮施肥处理的氮肥和栽插密度组合。
Abstract:
This study aimed to investigate the effects of one-time base application with reduced amount of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer and increased density on the yield, quality and economic benefits of mechanized-transplanting japonica rice, thereby clarifying the optimal combination of nitrogen fertilizer and planting density. In the study, a japonica rice cultivar-Nanjing 5718 was selected as the test material. And nine combinations with three controlled-release periods (60 days, 80 days and 100 days) of controlled-release fertilizer and three planting densities (six seedlings per hole, eight seedlings per hole and ten seedlings per hole) were set up under 225 kg/hm2 pure nitrogen, while the conventional split fertilization treatment with 300 kg/hm2 pure nitrogen and a planting density of four seedlings per hole was installed as the control (CK). The differences in yields and their formation characteristics, rice quality, and economic benefits were investigated. The results showed that the yield of 80-6 treatment was the highest in all nitrogen reduction treatments in 2021 and 2022, which was significantly higher than that of other nitrogen reduction treatments, and the yield was significantly reduced by 4.77%-5.17% compared with CK. From jointing stage to heading stage, the dry matter accumulation of 80-6 treatment was generally increased compared with other nitrogen reduction treatments. In terms of rice quality, the chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree of each nitrogen reduction treatment were lower than those of CK, and the nutritional quality (protein content) was significantly reduced, but the appearance quality and taste quality were significantly improved. In terms of economic benefits, the 80-6 treatment achieved the highest economic benefits under the one-time basal application of controlled-release fertilizer in 2021 and 2022, and the economic benefits increased by 3.60%-5.28% compared with CK. Therefore, 80-6 treatment can improve rice quality and obtain higher economic benefits under the premise of reducing nitrogen and ensuring stable yield. It can be used as a combination of nitrogen fertilizer and planting density for one-time nitrogen reduction fertilization treatment with high yield, high quality and high efficiency of mechanically transplanted japonica rice.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2023-10-17基金项目：江苏省重点研发计划项目（BE2022338）；江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(23)3017]；全国农业重大技术协同推广计划项目（2022-ZYXT-04-1）；国家水稻产业技术体系项目（CARS-01）；江苏省高等学校自然科学研究面上项目（22KJB210004）；江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目（RAPD）作者简介：陆喜瞻（1998-）,男,江苏苏州人,硕士研究生,研究方向为水稻产质效协同与水稻轻简化栽培。(E-mail)228571866@qq.com通讯作者：张洪程,(E-mail)hczhang@yzu.edu.cn；胡群,(E-mail)huqun@yzu.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2024-09-18