[1]范德佳,陈士强,王建华,等.利用CRISPR/Cas技术改良作物抗病性的研究进展[J].江苏农业学报,2020,(05):1312-1321.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2020.05.031]
　FAN De-jia,CHEN Shi-qiang,WANG Jian-hua,et al.Advances in improvement of crop disease resistance using CRISPR/Cas technology[J].,2020,(05):1312-1321.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2020.05.031]
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利用CRISPR/Cas技术改良作物抗病性的研究进展()
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江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2020年05期
页码:
1312-1321
栏目:
综述
出版日期:
2020-10-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Advances in improvement of crop disease resistance using CRISPR/Cas technology
作者:
范德佳; 陈士强; 王建华; 张容; 刘建凤; 陈秀兰; 何震天
（江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所，江苏扬州225007）
Author(s):
FAN De-jia; CHEN Shi-qiang; WANG Jian-hua; ZHANG Rong; LIU Jian-feng; CHEN Xiu-lan; HE Zhen-tian
（Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Lixiahe District in Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225007, China）
关键词:
基因组编辑技术; CRISPR/Cas; 作物抗病性
Keywords:
genome editing technology; CRISPR/Cas; crop disease resistance
分类号:
S336
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2020.05.031
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
病原体引起的作物病害日益增多，严重威胁世界粮食安全。CRISPR/Cas等基因组编辑技术能够实现基因组DNA片段插入或缺失、碱基编辑以及基因表达调控，已成为作物抗病育种的重要方法。植物具有模式触发免疫反应（PTI）和效应子触发免疫反应（ETI）两层免疫机制，相关基因可分为抗性基因（R）和感病基因（S）。通过基因组编辑技术改造R基因或S基因，能够改良作物对病原体的抗性，以及定向降解病毒基因组可增强作物对病毒的抗性。水稻、小麦、番茄等作物已成功运用基因组编辑技术改良抗病性。基因组编辑技术发展迅速，效率不断提高，但仍应在相关法规的监管下依法进行研究。本文介绍了作物的抗病免疫机制和CRISPR/Cas技术在基因组编辑中的应用，总结了改良作物抗病性的基因组编辑策略以及利用CRISPR/Cas技术提高作物抗病性的研究现状，并展望了CRISPR/Cas技术在改良作物抗病性中的发展前景。
Abstract:
The increasing plant diseases caused by pathogens threaten the world food security seriously. CRISPR/Cas and other genome-editing technologies have been developed rapidly, including insertion or deletion of DNA segments, base editing and gene expression regulation. These technologies are becoming important methods for crop disease resistance breeding. Plant immune mechanism has two layers, PRR-triggered immunity(PTI) and effector-triggered immunity(ETI). The related genes include resistant gene (R) and susceptible gene (S). Through genome editing technology, the R gene or S gene can be modified to improve the resistance of crops towards fungal and bacterial diseases, and the viral disease resistance can be enhanced by the targeted degradation of viral genome. Genome editing technology has been used in rice, wheat, tomato and other crops to improve disease resistance. In spite of the rapid development of genomic editing technology and continuous improvement of efficiency, we should carry out researches under the supervision of relevant laws and regulations. In this paper, the immune mechanism of plant and the application of CRISPR/Cas technology in genome-editing were introduced, and the genome-editing strategies for improving crop disease resistance and the research status of using CRISPR/Cas technology to enhance crop resistance were summarized. Finally, we prospected the future of CRISPR/Cas technology in crop resistance improvement.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2020-03-22基金项目：国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项（2016ZX08002-001）；省农业重大新品种创制项目（PZCZ201707）；国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0102101、2017YFD0100801）；江苏省自然科学基金项目（BK20181213）；江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所项目[SJ(17)303]作者简介：范德佳（1990-），男，江苏沭阳人，博士，助理研究员，主要从事水稻分子育种工作。（E-mail）fandejia2008@163.com通讯作者：何震天，（E-mail）yzhzt@126.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2020-11-16