[1]高飞,汪志鹏,赵贺,等.低地力条件下有机肥部分替代化肥对作物产量和土壤性状的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2020,(01):83-91.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2020.01.012]
　GAO Fei,WANG Zhi-peng,ZHAO He,et al.Effects of partial substitution for chemical fertilizer by organic monure on crop yield and soil properties under low soil fertility[J].,2020,(01):83-91.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2020.01.012]
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低地力条件下有机肥部分替代化肥对作物产量和土壤性状的影响()
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江苏农业学报[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2020年01期
页码:
83-91
栏目:
耕作栽培·资源环境
出版日期:
2020-02-29

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of partial substitution for chemical fertilizer by organic monure on crop yield and soil properties under low soil fertility
作者:
高飞; 汪志鹏; 赵贺; 李辉信; 焦加国
（南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院，江苏南京210095）
Author(s):
GAO Fei; WANG Zhi-peng; ZHAO He; LI Hui-xin; JIAO Jia-guo
(College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China)
关键词:
黄河故道; 有机肥替代化肥; 作物产量; 土壤肥力
Keywords:
ancient bed of Yellow River; orgonic manure replacing chemical fertilizer; crop yield; soil fertility
分类号:
S158
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4440.2020.01.012
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
在江苏省黄河故道低肥力土壤条件下，探究有机肥替代化肥对小麦玉米和水稻小麦轮作体系中作物产量及土壤养分的影响，以明确低肥力土壤中有机肥替代化肥的规律和潜力。田间试验于2017年10月布置，设置6个不同处理，分别为不施肥（CK）、常量化肥（F）、常量化肥+40%有机肥（FM0.4）、NPK总养分相等情况下分别用有机肥替代20%（F0.8M0.2）、40%(F0.6M0.4)及60%(F0.4M0.6)化肥。结果表明：（1）小麦玉米轮作体系中，有机肥替代化肥在小麦季产量明显降低，其中有机肥替代60%化肥时，小麦产量显著降低而在玉米季产量无显著差异。在水稻小麦轮作体系中，不同比例有机肥替代化肥对作物产量的影响不显著。（2）施肥提升了小麦玉米和水稻小麦轮作体系中土壤有机质含量，小麦玉米轮作体系中土壤有机质提升8.07%～36.61%，水稻小麦轮作体系土壤有机质提升7.69%～40.22%。随着有机肥替代比例的增加，小麦玉米轮作体系中土壤全氮及速效钾含量呈降低趋势，而土壤磷素及碱解氮含量逐渐升高；水稻小麦轮作体系中土壤全氮含量逐渐降低，土壤全磷、碱解氮、速效钾含量逐渐升高。（3）相关性分析结果表明，作物产量与土壤全氮、碱解氮及速效磷含量均呈显著或极显著的正相关关系。综上所述，黄河故道地区由于基础地力较低，有机肥替代化肥并未表现出对作物的增产作用，但有机肥的投入有效地改善了土壤的养分状况，因此该区低肥力土壤在作物栽培中应当维持化肥用量并增施有机肥，以提升耕地质量。
Abstract:
Under the low soil fertility condition of the ancient bed of Yellow River in Jiangsu province, the effects of partial substitution for chemical fertilizer on crop yield and soil nutrient in different rotation systems of wheat-maize and wheat-rice were explored in order to clarify the replacement rules and potentials. Field experiment was arranged in October 2017, and six different treatments were set up, namely no fertilizer (CK); chemical fertilizer (F); an additional 40% organic fertilizer on the basis of chemical fertilizer(FM0.4); in the case of equal total nutrient of NPK, 20% (F0.8M0.2), 40% (F0.6M0.4) and 60% (F0.4M0.6) of chemical fertilizers were replaced by organic fertilizer respectively. The results showed that the yield of wheat decreased significantly by using organic fertilizer as partial substitution for chemical fertilizer in wheat-maize rotation system. When 60% of the chemical fertilizers were replaced by organic fertilizer, yield of wheat decreased significantly, but there was no significant difference in maize yield. Under wheat-rice rotation system, the effect of substitution for chemical fertilizers by different proportions of organic fertilizers on crop yield was not significant. Fertilization increased the content of soil organic matter, the content of soil organic matter increased by 8.07%-36.61% in the wheat-maize rotation system, and the content of soil organic matter increased by 7.69%-40.22% in the wheat-rice rotation system. With the increase of organic fertilizer replacement ratio, the contents of total nitrogen and available potassium in soil were decreased, while the contents of soil phosphorus and alkali nitrogen were gradually increased in wheat-maize rotation system. The contents of total phosphorus, alkali nitrogen and available potassium in soil increased gradually, while the total nitrogen content decreased in wheat-rice rotation system. The results of correlation analysis showed that there was significant or extremely significant positive correlation between crop yield and soil total nitrogen, alkali nitrogen and available phosphorus. In summary, due to the low basic soil fertility in the ancient bed of Yellow River, the replacement of chemical fertilizer by organic fertilizer did not show an increase in crop yield, but the input of organic fertilizer effectively improved the nutrient status of the soil. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the amount of chemical fertilizer and increase the application of organic fertilizer to improve the quality of cultivated land in this area.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2019-05-14基金项目：江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(17)1001]作者简介：高飞（1993-），男，安徽利辛人，硕士研究生，主要从事土壤生态学方面的研究。(E-mail)2016103073@njau.edu.cn通讯作者：焦加国，(E-mail)jiaguojiao@njau.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2020-03-13